Gold nanoparticles (AuNP) have attracted ample attention as a transdermal (TND) drug delivery platform for improving the skin permeability of drug molecules. Herein a novel TND device formed from AuNP and oleylamine functionalized nanodiamond (AuD) has been developed successfully for the TND delivery of Ketoprofen (KP), a model drug. Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Polybutyl methacrylate (PVA/PBMA) film has been selected as the matrix of the TND device, as they furnish excellent skin adhesion properties. The PVA/PBMA membranes loaded with different concentrations of AuD have been characterized in terms of surface morphology, thermomechanical properties, water vapor permeability (WVP), optical transmittance, cosmetic attractiveness, skin adhesion behavior, and drug encapsulation efficiency (DEE). The matrix loaded with 3.0% AuD displayed enhanced thermomechanical and DEE due to the uniform distribution of nanofillers in the membrane. The in vitro skin permeation test proved that a higher amount of KP was delivered by AuD incorporated films, suggesting improved TND behavior. The synergistic management of AuNP and nanodiamonds (ND) has caused the enhanced skin permeation behavior of the device. The obtained results revealed that AuD may be employed as an effective carrier to substitute NDs for TND delivery. Additionally, while investigating the storage stability of the device we observed that the membrane kept at low temperature presented stability over time. More importantly, the results from cell viability assay and environmental fitness test revealed that the AuD based TND system is a high security device, as it is noncytotoxic and microbe-resistant. The developed device provides a novel and handy approach to the TND delivery of drug molecules.

中文翻译：

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金纳米粒子和疏水纳米钻石的协同系统：一种克服皮肤屏障功能的方法

金纳米颗粒（AuNP）作为提高药物分子的皮肤渗透性的透皮（TND）药物递送平台已经引起了广泛的关注。在此，已经成功开发了由AuNP和油胺官能化的纳米金刚石（AuD）形成的新型TND装置，用于TND递送模型药物酮洛芬（KP）。聚（乙烯醇）/甲基丙烯酸聚丁酯（PVA / PBMA）薄膜已被选作TND装置的基质，因为它们具有出色的皮肤粘合性能。负载有不同浓度AuD的PVA / PBMA膜的表面形态，热机械性能，水蒸气透过率（WVP），光学透射率，化妆品吸引力，皮肤黏附行为和药物封装效率（DEE）已得到表征。矩阵加载了3。由于纳米填料在膜中的均匀分布，0％AuD显示出增强的热机械性能和DEE。体外皮肤渗透测试证明，掺入AuD的薄膜可递送更高量的KP，表明TND行为得到改善。AuNP和纳米金刚石（ND）的协同管理已导致该设备增强的皮肤渗透性能。获得的结果表明，AuD可以用作替代ND进行TND递送的有效载体。另外，在研究装置的储存稳定性时，我们观察到膜保持在低温下随时间表现出稳定性。更重要的是，细胞活力测定和环境适应性测试的结果表明，基于AuD的TND系统具有高度的安全性，因为它无细胞毒性并且具有抗微生物性。