Halide perovskites have emerged as a class of promising semiconductor materials owing to their remarkable optoelectronic properties exhibiting in solar cells, light‐emitting diodes, semiconductor lasers, etc. Inorganic halide perovskites are attracting increasing attention because of the higher stability toward moisture, light, and heat as compared with their organic–inorganic hybrid counterparts. In particular, inorganic halide perovskite nanomaterials provide controllable morphology, tunable optoelectronic properties, and improved quantum efficiency. Here, the development controlled synthesis of desired inorganic halide perovskite nanostructures by various chemical approaches is described. Utilizing these nanostructures as platforms, anion exchange chemistry for wide compositional and optical tunabilities is described, and the rich structural phase transition phenomenon and mechanism investigated systematically. Furthermore, these nanostructures and extracted knowledge are applied to design photonic, photovoltaic, and thermoelectric devices. Finally, future directions and challenges toward improvement of the optical, electrical, and optoelectronic properties, exploration of the anion and cation exchange kinetics, and alleviation of the stability and toxicity issues in inorganic lead based halide perovskites are discussed to provide an outlook on this promising field.

中文翻译：

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无机卤化物钙钛矿纳米结构中的丰富化学

卤化物钙钛矿因其在太阳能电池，发光二极管，半导体激光器等中表现出的非凡的光电性能而成为一类有前景的半导体材料。无机卤化物钙钛矿因对水分，光和水的更高稳定性而受到越来越多的关注。与有机-无机杂种相比。特别地，无机卤化物钙钛矿纳米材料提供了可控的形态，可调节的光电性能以及改善的量子效率。在此，描述了通过各种化学方法对所需的无机卤化物钙钛矿纳米结构进行开发控制的合成。以这些纳米结构为平台，描述了具有广泛组成和光学可调性的阴离子交换化学，并对富结构相变现象和机理进行了系统的研究。此外，这些纳米结构和提取的知识被应用于设计光子，光伏和热电设备。最后，讨论了改善光学，电学和光电性能，探索阴离子和阳离子交换动力学以及减轻无机铅基卤化物钙钛矿中稳定性和毒性问题的未来方向和挑战，从而为这一有前途的前景提供了前景场地。