Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety ( IF 6.8 ) Pub Date : 2018-09-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.09.012 Mohammad Miri , Ahmad Alahabadi , Mohammad Hassan Ehrampush , Abolfazl Rad , Mohammad Hassan Lotfi , Mohammad Hassan Sheikhha , Mohammad Javad Zare Sakhvidi
The aim of this study was to investigate spatial variation and health risk of the exposure to PM2.5 (particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 µm or less) and PM10 (particulate matter with a diameter of 10 µm or less) in Sabzevar, Iran. PM2.5 and PM10 were measured during three campaigns from April to November 2017, in 26 sampling points. Spatial analysis was performed using kriging and autocorrelations (Moran's index) model in Arc GIS software. Relationship between exposure to the PM2.5 and PM10 and their health impacts were investigated by AirQ 2.2.3 software. The mean concentrations (and standard deviation) of PM 2.5 and PM10 over the entire study period were 32.54 (37.28) and 42.61 (47.76) μg/m3, respectively, which were higher than the guideline of World Health Organization. According to the spatial analysis, the maximum concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were around the main highway (beltway) which placed all over the south of Sabzevar. According to the Moran's index, the emission patterns for PM2.5 (Z-score = 2.53; P-value = 0.011) and PM10 (Z-score = 2.82; P-value = 0.004) were clustered. The attributable percentage (AP) of total mortality related to PM2.5 and PM10 were 3.544% (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.623–4.447%) and 2.055% (95% CI: 1.379–2.721%) per increasing each 10 μg/m3 of these pollutants, respectively. According to observed results, it is suggested that the beltway and other pollution sources, such as industries, should be placed at a greater distance from the city, to reduce PM amounts in residential areas.
中文翻译:
暴露于周围颗粒物导致的死亡率和发病率
这项研究的目的是调查伊朗萨卜兹瓦尔的PM 2.5(直径小于等于2.5 µm的颗粒物)和PM 10(直径小于等于10 µm的颗粒物)的空间变化和健康风险。。在2017年4月至11月的三项运动中,对PM 2.5和PM 10进行了测量,采样点为26个。使用Arc GIS软件中的kriging和自相关(Moran指数)模型进行了空间分析。通过AirQ 2.2.3软件研究了PM 2.5和PM 10暴露与健康影响之间的关系。PM 2.5和PM 10的平均浓度(和标准偏差)在整个研究期间,分别为32.54(37.28)和42.61(47.76)μg/ m 3,高于世界卫生组织的指南。根据空间分析,PM 2.5和PM 10的最大浓度位于遍布Sabzevar南部的主要公路(皮带路)周围。根据Moran指数,PM 2.5(Z分数= 2.53; P值= 0.011)和PM 10(Z分数= 2.82; P值= 0.004)的排放模式是聚类的。总死亡率的可归因百分比(AP)与PM 2.5和PM 10有关每增加10μg/ m 3这些污染物,分别为3.544%(95%置信区间(CI):2.623–4.447%)和2.055%(95%CI:1.379–2.721%)。根据观察到的结果,建议将环城公路和其他污染源(例如工业)放置在距离城市更远的地方,以减少居民区的PM量。