Precision medicine has recently emerged as a promising strategy for cancer therapy because it not only specifically targets cancer cells but it also does not have adverse effects on normal cells. Oligonucleotide aptamers are a class of small molecule ligands that can specifically bind to their targets on cell surfaces with high affinity. Aptamers have great potential in precision cancer therapy due to their unique physical, chemical, and biological properties. Therefore, aptamer technology has been widely investigated for biomedical and clinical applications. This review focuses on the potential applications of aptamer technology as a new tool for precision treatment of hematological malignancies, including leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma.

精准医学最近已成为一种有前景的癌症治疗策略，因为它不仅专门针对癌细胞，而且对正常细胞也不产生不利影响。寡核苷酸适体是一类小分子配体，能够以高亲和力与细胞表面的靶标特异性结合。适体由于其独特的物理、化学和生物学特性，在精准癌症治疗中具有巨大潜力。因此，适体技术已被广泛研究用于生物医学和临床应用。本综述重点关注适配体技术作为精准治疗血液恶性肿瘤（包括白血病、淋巴瘤和多发性骨髓瘤）的新工具的潜在应用。