Efficient and scalable sunlight-driven water-splitting systems are essential for practical renewable hydrogen production. Particulate photocatalyst sheets for Z-scheme water splitting can be printed at low cost using inks containing a hydrogen evolution photocatalyst (HEP), an oxygen evolution photocatalyst (OEP), and conductive metal nanoparticles, and can be applied to large areas. However, the metal nanoparticles lead to backward reactions and light absorption. Herein, we demonstrate printable photocatalyst sheets composed of SrTiO₃:La,Rh as the HEP, BiVO₄:Mo as the OEP, and nanoparticulate indium tin oxide as a transparent and electrochemically inert conductor, for efficient pure-water splitting. The photocatalyst sheets decompose water with a solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion efficiency of 0.4%, which is one of the highest values among Z-scheme overall water-splitting systems prepared without the requirement for a vacuum process. Printable and efficient photocatalyst sheets obtained using cost-effective and readily extensible procedures spread opportunities toward practical solar hydrogen production via the water-splitting reaction.

高效，可扩展的阳光驱动的水分解系统对于实际的可再生制氢至关重要。可以使用包含析氢光催化剂（HEP），析氧光催化剂（OEP）和导电金属纳米粒子的油墨以低成本印刷用于Z方案水分解的颗粒光催化剂片材，并可以将其应用于大面积领域。然而，金属纳米颗粒导致向后反应和光吸收。在这里，我们演示了由SrTiO ₃：La，Rh作为HEP，BiVO ₄组成的可印刷光催化剂片材：Mo作为OEP，纳米粒子铟锡氧化物作为透明且电化学惰性的导体，用于有效的纯水分解。光催化剂片分解水的太阳能到氢能的转换效率为0.4％，这是在不需要真空过程的情况下制备的Z方案总水分解系统中的最高值之​​一。使用具有成本效益且易于扩展的程序获得的可印刷且有效的光催化剂片材通过水分解反应向实际的太阳能制氢扩散了机会。