Due to the rapidly increasing demand for energy and environmental sustainability, stable and economical hydrogen production has received increasing attention in the past decades. In this regard, hydrogen production through photo- or electrocatalytic water splitting has continued to gain ever-growing interest. However, the existing catalysts are still unable to fulfill the demands of high-efficiency, low-cost, and sustainable hydrogen production. Layered metal trichalcogenidophosphate (MPQ₃) is a newly developed two-dimensional material with tunable composition and electronic structure. Recently, MPQ₃ has been considered a promising candidate for clean energy generation and related water splitting applications. In this minireview, we firstly introduce the structure and methods for the synthesis of MPQ₃ materials. In the following sections, recent developments of MPQ₃ materials for photo- and electrocatalytic water splitting are briefly summarized. The roles of MPQ₃ materials in different reaction systems are also discussed. Finally, the challenges related to and prospects of MPQ₃ materials are presented on the basis of the current developments.

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由于对能源和环境可持续性的需求迅速增长，在过去的几十年中，稳定，经济的制氢受到了越来越多的关注。在这方面，通过光催化或电催化水分解产生氢的兴趣不断增长。但是，现有的催化剂仍然不能满足高效，低成本和可持续的制氢需求。层状金属三卤代磷酸根金属盐（MPQ ₃）是一种具有可调结构和电子结构的新型二维材料。最近，MPQ ₃已被认为是清洁能源发电和相关水分解应用的有前途的候选人。在本微型审查中，我们首先介绍合成MPQ ₃材料的结构和方法。在以下各节中，将简要概述用于光催化和电催化水分解的MPQ ₃材料的最新发展。还讨论了MPQ ₃材料在不同反应系统中的作用。最后，在当前发展的基础上，介绍了与MPQ ₃材料有关的挑战和前景。

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