Despite being among the most researched energy storage devices, supercapacitors have often suffered from their relatively low operating voltage and energy density, which greatly limit their practical applications. In this work, asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) are developed by synergistically designing carbon nanotube composite electrodes with 3D porous structures. The resultant ASC devices exhibit an extended operating voltage of 1.8 V, much higher than that of symmetric supercapacitors (≤1.0 V). Significantly, the obtained ASC devices deliver ultrahigh volumetric energy density as high as 19.8 mWh cm⁻³ (corresponding to an areal energy density of 198 µWh cm⁻²), which is the highest value among reported ASC devices. In addition, the ASC devices not only possess outstanding cycling stability and long self‐discharging time, but also exhibit excellent mechanical flexibility under any bending states, even over 5000 bending cycles. The demonstrated flexible ASC devices with high performance are promising to be used as power sources for next‐generation portable and wearable electronics.

中文翻译：

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通过电极协同设计实现超高能量密度的柔性非对称超级电容器

尽管超级电容器是研究最多的储能设备之一，但其工作电压和能量密度往往相对较低，这极大地限制了其实际应用。在这项工作中，通过协同设计具有3D多孔结构的碳纳米管复合电极开发了不对称超级电容器（ASC）。由此产生的 ASC 器件具有 1.8 V 的扩展工作电压，远高于对称超级电容器 (≤1.0 V)。值得注意的是，所获得的ASC器件具有高达19.8 mWh cm ^-3的超高体积能量密度（相当于198 µWh cm ^-2的面能量密度），这是已报道的ASC器件中的最高值。此外，ASC器件不仅具有出色的循环稳定性和较长的自放电时间，而且在任何弯曲状态下（甚至超过5000次弯曲循环）都表现出优异的机械灵活性。所展示的高性能柔性 ASC 器件有望用作下一代便携式和可穿戴电子产品的电源。