Objectives

The purpose of this study was to characterize the adhesive interface formed due to the dissolving capability of 4 primer systems into pre-polymerized semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN)-based fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) and luting cement.

Materials and methods

Semi-IPN FRC (everStick C&B, StickTech) prepregs stored for various durations (at 4 °C; 1, 1.5, and 3 years) were used to fabricate the specimens. FRC specimens (n = 10) were light-cured and treated with primers before adhering a luting cement onto them. Each age group was divided into four subgroups according to the primer used: no priming, a dimethacrylate adhesive primer, universal primer, and primer intended for composite surfaces. The degree of monomer conversion (DC%) of the luting cement; nanohardness, elastic modulus and structural information of the luting cement–FRC adhesive interface were measured.

Results

According to analysis of variance (P ≤ 0.05), no statistical difference was observed in the DC% among the tested groups. However, both universal and composite primers showed increased nanohardness in 1- and 1.5-year-aged groups. The highest nanohardness (0.55 ± 0.21 GPa) and elastic modulus (14.27 ± 5.19 GPa) were observed in specimens of 1-year-aged FRC primed with the application of universal primer. Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy examination confirmed the presence of poly(methyl methacrylate) at the interface when the FRC prepregs were aged for 3 years before use.

Conclusion

Both primers improved diffusion of monomers of composite luting cement into the polymerized semi-IPN polymer structure and possible covalent binding with pendant methacrylate groups in the polymer matrix of FRC. The diffusing capability of universal and composite primers might increase the opportunity to form solid adhesive interface bonding between the FRC and composite luting cement.

中文翻译：

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底漆对树脂复合胶粘水泥与纤维增强复合材料之间胶粘剂界面性能的影响

目标

这项研究的目的是表征由于4种底漆系统在预聚合的半互穿聚合物网络（semi-IPN）基纤维增强复合材料（FRC）和胶结水泥中的溶解能力而形成的粘合剂界面。

材料和方法

使用半IPN FRC（everStick C＆B，StickTech）存储了不同时间（在4°C； 1、1.5和3年）制成的预浸料。将FRC标本（n = 10）光固化并用底漆处理，然后再将胶粘剂粘结到其上。根据使用的底漆，每个年龄组分为四个亚组：无底漆，二甲基丙烯酸酯类粘合剂底漆，通用底漆和用于复合表面的底漆。胶结水泥的单体转化率（DC％）；测量了胶结水泥-FRC胶粘剂界面的纳米硬度，弹性模量和结构信息。

结果

根据方差分析（P  ≤0.05），在DC％，观察到被测试的组之间没有统计学差异。但是，通用和复合底漆在1岁和1.5岁年龄组中均显示出更高的纳米硬度。在使用通用底漆涂底的1岁FRC样品中观察到最高的纳米硬度（0.55±0.21 GPa）和弹性模量（14.27±5.19 GPa）。拉曼光谱和扫描电子显微镜检查证实，在使用前将FRC预浸料老化3年后，界面处会存在聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯。

结论

两种底漆均改善了复合型胶结水泥的单体向聚合的半IPN聚合物结构中的扩散，并可能与FRC聚合物基体中的甲基丙烯酸酯侧基共价结合。通用底漆和复合底漆的扩散能力可能会增加在FRC和复合型胶结水泥之间形成固体粘合剂界面结合的机会。