Janus nanoarchitectures, an emerging class of nanostructures named after the Roman god having two faces, have been considered as a fascinating class of nanomaterials for promising applications in various areas, such as optical imaging, emulsion stabilizers, catalysis, drug delivery, etc. The asymmetric structures or counterparts of Janus nanostructures provide access to construct a single unit with multifunctional properties, and thus allow the design of nanocomposites with a possible synergistic effect, especially for catalytic reactions. In the last decade, Janus nanomaterials have been successfully applied in the field of catalysis, by providing solutions to some complex situations, such as biphasic reactions, catalysts recovery, self-propelled movements, and biocompatible catalysis. In this review, we intend to highlight the recent progress of Janus nanoarchitectures for the growing field of catalytic applications. Herein, the fabrication and catalytic applications of Janus nanoarchitectures are critically reviewed in terms of three categories of compositions, i.e., polymeric, inorganic, and polymeric/inorganic Janus nanostructures. Specifically, typical applications of Janus nanoarchitectures in micro/nano motors, interfacial catalysis, and photocatalytic reactions are summarized and discussed. An outlook of the future applications and possible further study of Janus nanomaterials is also provided.

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Janus 纳米结构：从结构设计到催化应用

Janus 纳米结构是一种新兴的纳米结构，以罗马神的名字命名，具有两张脸，被认为是一类迷人的纳米材料，在各个领域都有广阔的应用前景，例如光学成像、乳液稳定剂、催化、药物输送等。 Janus 纳米结构的结构或对应物提供了构建具有多功能特性的单个单元的途径，从而允许设计具有可能协同效应的纳米复合材料，特别是对于催化反应。近十年来，Janus 纳米材料已成功应用于催化领域，为一些复杂情况提供解决方案，如双相反应、催化剂回收、自推进运动和生物相容性催化。在这次审查中，我们打算重点介绍 Janus 纳米结构在不断增长的催化应用领域的最新进展。在本文中，Janus 纳米结构的制造和催化应用从三类组合物的角度进行了严格审查，即聚合物、无机和聚合物/无机 Janus 纳米结构。具体来说，总结和讨论了 Janus 纳米结构在微/纳米电机、界面催化和光催化反应中的典型应用。还提供了对 Janus 纳米材料的未来应用和可能进一步研究的展望。无机和聚合物/无机 Janus 纳米结构。具体而言，总结和讨论了 Janus 纳米结构在微/纳米电机、界面催化和光催化反应中的典型应用。还提供了对 Janus 纳米材料的未来应用和可能进一步研究的展望。无机和聚合物/无机 Janus 纳米结构。具体来说，总结和讨论了 Janus 纳米结构在微/纳米电机、界面催化和光催化反应中的典型应用。还提供了对 Janus 纳米材料的未来应用和可能进一步研究的展望。