In this study, we report a mussel-inspired approach to fabricate heparin-immobilized cellulose (HeTaCe) gel beads with self-anticoagulative and biocompatible properties which can selectively remove low density lipoprotein (LDL) from whole blood directly. First, a phase inversion technique was applied to prepare cellulose gel beads. Then the as-prepared gel beads were dipped into a mixed solution of heparin and tannic acid in phosphate buffered saline (PBS, pH 8.5) to obtain HeTaCe gel beads. Blood compatibility experiments indicated that the HeTaCe gel beads could suppress complement activation as well as contact activation and prolong the clotting times to the upper detect limits (activated partial thromboplastin time >600 s and thrombin time >180 s) of the automated blood coagulation analyzer. An ideal adsorption capacity of LDL in vitro was achieved by the HeTaCe gel beads with an amount of 79.1 mg/g. Besides, dynamic column adsorption test further demonstrated a selective adsorption of LDL without a significant reduction of high density lipoprotein (HDL) in a simulative hemoperfusion system. It is believed that the HeTaCe gel beads will be quite appealing to future clinical practice aiming at lowering LDL and improving the outcomes of patients with high cardiovascular risk.

在这项研究中，我们报告了一种贻贝启发性的方法，以制备具有自体抗凝和生物相容性特性的肝素固定化纤维素（HeTaCe）凝胶珠，可以直接从全血中选择性去除低密度脂蛋白（LDL）。首先，应用相转化技术制备纤维素凝胶珠。然后将制备好的凝胶珠浸入肝素和单宁酸在磷酸盐缓冲盐水（PBS，pH 8.5）中的混合溶液中，以获得HeTaCe凝胶珠。血液相容性实验表明，HeTaCe凝胶珠可以抑制补体激活以及接触激活，并将凝血时间延长至自动凝血分析仪的检测上限（激活的部分凝血活酶时间> 600 s和凝血酶时间> 180 s）。理想的LDL吸附能力通过以79.1mg / g的量的HeTaCe凝胶珠实现体外。此外，动态色谱柱吸附试验还表明，在模拟的血液灌流系统中，LDL的选择性吸附不会显着降低高密度脂蛋白（HDL）。可以相信，HeTaCe凝胶珠将对未来的临床实践颇具吸引力，其目的是降低LDL并改善具有高心血管风险的患者的预后。