Abstract Due to important advantageous of non-premixed flames such as controllability and safety, a proper investigation can be highly beneficial for application of these flames in medical and power generation industries. The current paper attempts to provide a promising analytical model for non-adiabatic counter-flow diffusion flames propagating through volatile biomass particles using an asymptotic method. In order to offer a reliable model for analysis of the flames, a multi-zone flame structure including preheat, drying, vaporization, reaction and oxidizer zones, is considered. In this work, lycopodium particles and air are taken as biofuel and oxidizer, respectively. For following the influences of effective dimensionless numbers, such as fuel and oxidizer Lewis numbers on the flame structure, dimensionalized and non-dimensionalized forms of mass and energy conservation equations are derived for each zone. In order to observe the heat loss effects, a linear term is added to the energy conservation equation. The conservation equations are solved by Mathematica and Matlab software applying accurate boundary and jump conditions. Finally, variations of flame temperature, flame front position, gaseous fuel and oxidizer mass fractions with fuel and oxidizer Lewis numbers, mass particle concentration, particle size, equivalence ratio and heat loss effect are elaborately elucidated.

中文翻译：

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考虑干燥和汽化过程的非绝热逆流扩散火焰通过挥发性生物质燃料传播的理论研究

摘要 由于非预混火焰的重要优势，如可控性和安全性，适当的研究对这些火焰在医疗和发电行业的应用非常有益。目前的论文试图使用渐近方法为通过挥发性生物质颗粒传播的非绝热逆流扩散火焰提供一个有前景的分析模型。为了提供可靠的火焰分析模型，考虑了多区火焰结构，包括预热区、干燥区、汽化区、反应区和氧化区。在这项工作中，石松颗粒和空气分别作为生物燃料和氧化剂。为了跟踪有效无量纲数（例如燃料和氧化剂路易斯数）对火焰结构的影响，为每个区域推导出量纲化和非量纲化形式的质量和能量守恒方程。为了观察热损失效应，在能量守恒方程中添加了一个线性项。守恒方程由 Mathematica 和 Matlab 软件应用精确的边界和跳跃条件求解。最后，详细阐述了火焰温度、火焰前沿位置、气体燃料和氧化剂质量分数与燃料和氧化剂路易斯数、质量粒子浓度、粒径、当量比和热损失效应的变化。守恒方程由 Mathematica 和 Matlab 软件应用精确的边界和跳跃条件求解。最后，详细阐述了火焰温度、火焰前沿位置、气体燃料和氧化剂质量分数与燃料和氧化剂路易斯数、质量粒子浓度、粒径、当量比和热损失效应的变化。守恒方程由 Mathematica 和 Matlab 软件应用精确的边界和跳跃条件求解。最后，详细阐述了火焰温度、火焰前沿位置、气体燃料和氧化剂质量分数与燃料和氧化剂路易斯数、质量粒子浓度、粒径、当量比和热损失效应的变化。