Emotion evoked by odours can be determined or modulated by several factors, including odorant–receptor interactions and olfactory experiences. As a result of these factors, some odours can induce an emotional discrepancy, such as a conflict between innately determined and experience‐based emotions. This study examined whether the difference between two subjective ratings, pleasantness and liking, for an odour can influence olfactory perception, and explored whether the emotional discrepancy had any effect on olfaction. We conducted a psychophysical experiment wherein 12 participants (six women and six men, mean age = 22.0 years) evaluated 36 odours. Participants were instructed to evaluate each odorant in terms of four qualities: (i) pleasantness, (ii) liking, (iii) olfactory perceptual descriptors, and (iv) odour intensity. Participants were also asked to note the difference between pleasantness and liking, whereby the former referred to instinctive and innate feelings and the latter to experience‐based and acquired feelings. Ten odorants exhibited a discrepancy between pleasantness and liking ratings. Another 10 odorants exhibited a significant relationship between the choice of perceptual descriptors and intensity; this was not true of the 10 discrepant odorants. This preliminary study showed that differences in pleasantness and liking ratings can affect the selection of olfactory descriptors, according to odour intensity. The findings suggest that olfactory lexical semantic representations could be confused by discrepant odour‐evoked emotions.

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不同情绪状态对嗅觉的影响：初步研究

气味引起的情绪可以由多种因素决定或调节，包括气味与受体的相互作用和嗅觉。这些因素的结果是，某些气味会引起情绪差异，例如，先天确定的情绪与基于经验的情绪之间的冲突。这项研究检查了气味的两个主观等级（愉快度和喜好度）之间的差异是否会影响嗅觉，并探讨了情绪差异是否会对嗅觉产生任何影响。我们进行了一项心理物理实验，其中12名参与者（六名女性和六名男性，平均年龄= 22.0岁）评估了36种气味。指示参与者根据四种品质评估每种加香剂：（i）令人愉悦，（ii）喜欢，（iii）嗅觉感知指标，以及（iv）气味强度。还要求参与者注意愉悦感和喜好之间的区别，前者指的是本能和先天的感觉，而后者指的是基于经验和后天的感觉。十种增香剂在愉悦感和喜好等级之间表现出差异。另外10种气味物质在感知描述词的选择和强度之间显示出显着的关系。这十种不同的气味物质并非如此。这项初步研究表明，根据气味强度，愉悦度和喜好等级的差异会影响嗅觉描述符的选择。这些发现表明，嗅觉词汇语义表达可能会被异味引起的情绪所混淆。前者指的是本能和先天的感觉，而后者指的是基于经验的和后天得到的感觉。十种增香剂在愉悦感和喜好等级之间表现出差异。另外10种气味物质在感知描述词的选择和强度之间显示出显着的关系。这十种不同的气味物质并非如此。这项初步研究表明，根据气味强度，愉悦度和喜好等级的差异会影响嗅觉描述符的选择。这些发现表明，嗅觉词汇语义表达可能会被异味引起的情绪所混淆。前者指的是本能和先天的感觉，而后者指的是基于经验的和后天得到的感觉。十种增香剂在愉悦感和喜好等级之间表现出差异。另外10种气味物质在感知描述词的选择和强度之间显示出显着的关系。这十种不同的气味物质并非如此。这项初步研究表明，根据气味强度，愉悦度和喜好等级的差异会影响嗅觉描述符的选择。这些发现表明，嗅觉词汇语义表达可能会被异味引起的情绪所混淆。另外10种气味物质在感知描述词的选择和强度之间显示出显着的关系。这十种不同的气味物质并非如此。这项初步研究表明，根据气味强度，愉悦度和喜好等级的差异会影响嗅觉描述符的选择。这些发现表明，嗅觉词汇语义表达可能会被异味引起的情绪所混淆。另外10种气味物质在感知描述词的选择和强度之间显示出显着的关系。这十种不同的气味物质并非如此。这项初步研究表明，根据气味强度，愉悦度和喜好等级的差异会影响嗅觉描述符的选择。这些发现表明，嗅觉词汇语义表达可能会被异味引起的情绪所混淆。