After the isolation and discovery of the extraordinary properties of graphene, tremendous interest has been directed towards other layered materials. Known also as van der Waals solids, these materials can offer a much wider range of properties than graphene when exfoliated to single or few-layer sheets with benefits for several different applications. Similar to graphene, a key aspect for the actual application of these materials is certainly represented by the development of efficient fabrication methods able to produce a large quantity of individual sheets of good quality. Electrochemically-assisted exfoliation of bulk crystals represents one of the most promising methods for mass-production of graphene and also other 2D material sheets due to the mild operational conditions, short time, simple instrumentation and high yield of individual layers obtained. We review here the latest and most representative electrochemically-assisted methods of exfoliation of layered materials categorized by the intercalation ion employed. A separate section is also included and dedicated to the recent bipolar electrochemical procedures which through different mechanistic avenues recently demonstrated efficient reduction of both lateral size and thickness of bulk particles of layered materials dispersed in solution. A summary discussion along with future perspectives is also provided in the last section.

中文翻译：

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使用电化学剥离分层材料

在隔离和发现石墨烯的非凡性能之后，人们对其他层状材料产生了极大的兴趣。这些材料也被称为范德华固体，当剥落成单层或几层薄板时，它们可以提供比石墨烯更大的性能范围，对多种不同的应用有好处。与石墨烯类似，这些材料实际应用的关键方面无疑是开发出能够生产大量高质量单片的有效制造方法。由于温和的操作条件，很短的时间，块状晶体的电化学辅助剥离是批量生产石墨烯和其他2D材料片的最有前途的方法之一。仪器安装简单，单层收率高。我们在这里回顾了最新的和最具代表性的电化学辅助剥落层状材料的方法，该方法根据所用的嵌入离子进行了分类。还包括一个单独的部分，专门讨论最近的双极电化学程序，该程序通过不同的机械途径最近证明了有效减小了分散在溶液中的分层材料的整体颗粒的横向尺寸和厚度。最后一部分还提供了摘要讨论以及未来的观点。还包括一个单独的部分，专门讨论最近的双极电化学程序，该程序通过不同的机械途径最近证明了有效减小了分散在溶液中的分层材料的整体颗粒的横向尺寸和厚度。最后一部分还提供了摘要讨论以及未来的观点。还包括一个单独的部分，专门讨论最近的双极电化学程序，该程序通过不同的机械途径最近证明了有效减小了分散在溶液中的分层材料的整体颗粒的横向尺寸和厚度。最后一部分还提供了摘要讨论以及未来的观点。