Reconstitution and simulation of cellular motility in microcompartmentalized colloidal objects have important implications for microcapsule-based remote sensing, environmentally induced signalling between artificial cell-like entities and programming spatial migration in synthetic protocell consortia. Here we describe the design and construction of catalase-containing organoclay/DNA semipermeable microcapsules, which in the presence of hydrogen peroxide exhibit enzyme-powered oxygen gas bubble-dependent buoyancy. We determine the optimum conditions for single and/or multiple bubble generation per microcapsule, monitor the protocell velocities and resilience, and use remote magnetic guidance to establish reversible changes in the buoyancy. Co-encapsulation of catalase and glucose oxidase is exploited to establish a spatiotemporal response to antagonistic bubble generation and depletion to produce protocells capable of sustained oscillatory vertical movement. We demonstrate that the motility of the microcapsules can be used for the flotation of macroscopic objects, self-sorting of mixed protocell communities and the delivery of a biocatalyst from an inert to chemically active environment. These results highlight new opportunities to constructing programmable microcompartmentalized colloids with buoyancy-derived motility.

微隔室胶体对象中细胞运动的重建和模拟对基于微胶囊的遥感，人工诱导的类细胞实体之间环境诱导的信号传导以及合成原细胞财团中的空间迁移编程具有重要意义。在这里，我们描述了包含过氧化氢酶的有机粘土/ DNA半透性微胶囊的设计和构建，该过氧化氢在过氧化氢的存在下表现出酶驱动的氧气气泡依赖性浮力。我们确定每个微囊产生单个和/或多个气泡的最佳条件，监测原始细胞的速度和弹性，并使用远程磁引导建立浮力的可逆变化。过氧化氢酶和葡萄糖氧化酶的共包封被用来建立对拮抗气泡的产生和耗竭的时空响应，以产生能够持续振荡垂直运动的原细胞。我们证明了微胶囊的运动性可以用于宏观物体的浮选，混合的原生细胞群落的自分类以及从惰性环境到化学活性环境的生物催化剂的输送。这些结果凸显了构建具有浮力衍生运动性的可编程微隔室胶体的新机会。对混合的原生细胞群落进行自我分选，并将生物催化剂从惰性环境传递到化学活性环境。这些结果凸显了构建具有浮力衍生运动性的可编程微隔室胶体的新机会。对混合的原生细胞群落进行自我分选，并将生物催化剂从惰性环境传递到化学活性环境。这些结果凸显了构建具有浮力衍生运动性的可编程微隔室胶体的新机会。