Energy efficiency improvement is usually regarded as an effective way to decrease energy consumption and to fight climate change, but it also booms energy consumption through rebound effects. But the improvement of energy efficiency also has rebound effects, which increases energy consumption and emission. So this paper arms to capture the rebound effects of efficiency improvement by considering zero-cost breakthrough of energy efficiency and price jump of energy purchase. First, energy efficiency improvement, measured by zero-cost breakthrough of energy efficiency, stimulates energy consumption, but it may reduce the total emission. Second, both the direct and indirect rebound effects of energy efficiency improvement on energy consumption and environment are captured. Interestingly, jumping energy price decreases both the direct and indirect rebound effect. Finally, the result of the paper shows that restriction of individuals’ entry or competition restriction moderates the rebound effects of energy efficiency improvement.

改善能源效率通常被认为是减少能源消耗和应对气候变化的有效方法，但是它也通过反弹效应来增加能源消耗。但是，提高能源效率也会产生反弹效应，从而增加能源消耗和排放。因此，本文通过考虑能源效率的零成本突破和能源购买价格的上涨来捕捉效率提高的反弹效应。首先，通过以零成本实现能效突破来衡量能效提高，可以刺激能源消耗，但可以减少总排放量。其次，捕获了能效提高对能源消耗和环境的直接和间接反弹作用。有趣的是，跳跃的能源价格同时降低了直接和间接反弹的作用。最后，本文的结果表明，个人进入的限制或竞争的限制会适度提高能效的反弹效果。