Striatal circuit dysfunction is implicated in smoking behaviors and lapses during abstinence attempts. However, little is known about whether the structural connectivity of striatal tracts can be used to predict abstinence-induced craving and lapses. The tract strengths of striatal circuits were compared in 53 male nicotine-dependent cigarette smokers and 58 matched nonsmokers, using seed-based classification by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) probabilistic tractography with 10 a priori target masks. A 12-h abstinence procedure was then employed, after which 31 individuals abstained and 22 lapsed. Linear regression and binary logistic regression was conducted to test whether the tract strength of frontostriatal circuits was associated with craving changes in abstainers and predicted lapse in smokers. Compared with nonsmokers, in the left hemisphere, smokers showed weaker tract strength in striatum-medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC), striatum-ventral lateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC), striatum-inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and striatum-posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) (Bonferroni corrected, p < 0.05/20 = 0.0025). In abstainers, the abstinence-induced increases in craving were associated with the tract strength of the left striatum-mOFC and striatum-vlPFC. The tract strength of left striatum-dorsolateral PFC (dlPFC) predicted lapse in smokers with an accuracy of 68.3%. These results provide system-level insights into the weaker tract strength of frontostriatal circuits in male smokers and their potential roles as neuroimaging markers for abstinence-induced craving and risk of lapse. Future studies in female smokers are needed to determine if this generalizes across genders.

中文翻译：

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纹状体皮质束预测吸烟者戒酒12小时后会消失。

纹状体回路功能障碍与戒烟尝试期间的吸烟行为和失误有关。然而，人们对于纹状体的结构连通性是否可用于预测禁欲引起的渴望和衰落知之甚少。比较了53名男性尼古丁依赖吸烟者和58名匹配的非吸烟者的纹状体回路的强度，采用了基于种子的分类法，通过扩散张量成像（DTI）概率性影像学与10个先验靶面罩进行了比较。然后采用了12小时的禁欲程序，此后有31人弃权，22人丧生。进行了线性回归和二元逻辑回归分析，以检验前额窦回路的道强度是否与戒酒者的渴望变化和吸烟者的预期衰弱有关。与不吸烟者相比，在左半球，吸烟者的纹状体-眶中额叶皮层（mOFC），纹状体-腹外侧前额叶皮层（vlPFC），纹状体-下额额回（IFG）和纹状体-后扣带回皮层（PCC）的呼吸道强度较弱（Bonferroni校正，p <0.05 / 20 = 0.0025）。在戒酒者中，禁欲导致的渴望增加与左纹状体-mOFC和纹状体-vlPFC的道强度有关。左纹状体-背外侧PFC（dlPFC）的管道强度预测吸烟者会流产，准确率为68.3％。这些结果提供了系统水平的洞察力，以研究男性吸烟者前额窦回路的弱管道强度，以及它们作为禁欲诱发的渴望和流失风险的神经影像标记物的潜在作用。需要对女性吸烟者进行进一步的研究，以确定这是否在性别上普遍存在。