Harnessing visible light to access excited (triplet) states of organic compounds can enable impressive reactivity modes. This tutorial review covers the photophysical fundamentals and most significant advances in the field of visible-light-mediated energy transfer catalysis within the last decade. Methods to determine excited triplet state energies and to characterize the underlying Dexter energy transfer are discussed. Synthetic applications of this field, divided into four main categories (cyclization reactions, double bond isomerizations, bond dissociations and sensitization of metal complexes), are also examined.

中文翻译：

---

可见光介导的能量转移催化：原理，应用，方向†

利用可见光进入有机化合物的激发态（三重态）可以实现令人印象深刻的反应模式。本教程回顾涵盖了光物理基础知识以及过去十年中在可见光介导的能量转移催化领域中最重要的进展。讨论了确定激发三重态能量并表征潜在的德克斯特能量转移的方法。还研究了该领域的合成应用，分为四个主要类别（环化反应，双键异构化，键解离和金属络合物敏化）。