Abstract Multi-stacked graphene oxide (GO) sheets containing intricate networks of microcapillary water channels are attractive as filtration membranes displaying both ultrahigh water permeation and ion exclusion properties. However, their practical utilization as desalination membranes is hampered by multiple issues, which include scalability, swelling of interlayer space, and mechanical instability under pressure-driven flux. To address these challenges, we have developed a process to laminate GO sheets with acryl binder to form large-area (>1 m2 in lab) free-standing membranes for high-performance desalination. The key to high-performance desalination lies in the control of interlayer spacing in the graphene sheets and the controlled oxidation of graphene. Our results show that the performance of partially oxidized few-layer graphene (POFG) is much better than heavily oxidized GO in forward osmosis (FO) due to its smaller interlayer distance and resistance to swelling. Our acryl-laminated, POFG membrane (79 L/m2/h water flux, 3.4 g/m2/h reverse salt flux) performs at least seven times (with respective to the water flux) and three times (with respective to the reverse salt flux) better than that of commercial cellulose triacetate (CTA) membrane (10 L/m2/h and 12 g/m2/h) in FO.

中文翻译：

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独立的、部分氧化的少层石墨烯膜的脱盐性能

摘要 含有复杂微毛细管水通道网络的多层氧化石墨烯 (GO) 片作为过滤膜具有超高的水渗透性和离子排斥性，因此具有吸引力。然而，它们作为海水淡化膜的实际应用受到多种问题的阻碍，包括可扩展性、层间空间膨胀以及压力驱动通量下的机械不稳定性。为了应对这些挑战，我们开发了一种工艺，用丙烯酸粘合剂层压 GO 片材，以形成大面积（实验室中 >1 平方米）独立式膜，用于高性能脱盐。高性能脱盐的关键在于石墨烯片层间距的控制和石墨烯的可控氧化。我们的结果表明，部分氧化的少层石墨烯（POFG）在正向渗透（FO）中的性能比重度氧化的 GO 好得多，因为它的层间距离更小，并且具有抗溶胀性。我们的压克力层压 POFG 膜（79 L/m2/h 水通量，3.4 g/m2/h 反向盐通量）至少执行七次（相对于水通量）和三倍（相对于反向盐通量）通量）优于商用三醋酸纤维素 (CTA) 膜（10 L/m2/h 和 12 g/m2/h）。