Metallothermic reduction reactions (MRRs) are displacement reactions that use reactive metals to reduce compounds so that metals, alloys, nonmetal elementary substances, and composites are produced, often in a scalable manner. In recent years, nonmetal materials, mainly silicon and carbon, particularly in their nanostructured forms obtained using an MRR with magnesium as the reductant, have started to attract much attention. However, reactions using other metals as the reductant have not been widely investigated yet. Furthermore, the reaction mechanisms and their controlling factors remain unclear, and much more effort is needed to advance this emerging field. Here, MRR preparation methods for metals, alloys, nanoporous silicon, nanoporous carbon, and composites are discussed as an introduction for new researchers in this field.

中文翻译：

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材料制备中的金属热还原反应简述

金属热还原反应（MRR）是置换反应，它使用反应性金属来还原化合物，从而通常以可扩展的方式生产金属，合金，非金属元素物质和复合材料。近年来，非金属材料，主要是硅和碳，特别是使用MRR和镁作为还原剂获得的纳米结构形式，已开始引起人们的广泛关注。但是，尚未广泛研究使用其他金属作为还原剂的反应。此外，反应机理及其控制因素仍不清楚，并且需要更多的努力来推进这一新兴领域。在此，讨论了金属，合金，纳米多孔硅，纳米多孔碳和复合材料的MRR制备方法，作为该领域新研究人员的介绍。