Quercitrin, hyperoside, rutin, and afzelin are the dominant flavonoids compounds from Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves, and they play major roles in the antioxidant activity. Macroporous adsorption resin (MAR) treatment, a simple, low-cost and efficient method, was combined with ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) to enrich and purify these four flavonoids from Z. bungeanum leaves efficiently. The optimal conditions for UAE based on Response Surface Methodology (RSM) were determined to be an ethanol concentration of 60%, leaves size of 40 mesh, temperature of 50 °C and ultrasonic power of 400 W with four flavonoids contents of 120.84 mg/g. After the extraction process, five kinds of MARs (D4020, D-101, NKA-9, AB-8, and X-5) were tested through static adsorption/desorption to enrich and purify the ultrasonic-assisted extracts, and D-101 was selected as the most suitable resin. The optimal adsorption conditions were 5 bed volumes (BV) of sample solution with an initial concentration of 7.5 mg/mL and pH 5.0. Meanwhile, the optimal desorption parameters were 5 BV each of deionized water and 30% ethanol, then 10 BV 70% ethanol, and a flow rate of 2 BV/hr. Under the optimized conditions, the contents of quercitrin, hyperoside, rutin, and afzelin increased by 276.39%, 187.46%, 221.81%, and 288.45%, respectively, and the recovery yields were 85.47%, 73.53%, 81.35%, and 65.06%. In addition, laboratory preparative-scale separation indicated that the preparative separation of four flavonoids was feasible and easy. Moreover, the antioxidant activities of the purified products were significantly increased after enrichment. In conclusion, all of the results indicated that these methods are highly efficient, low cost, environmentally friendly and easy to scale up. PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study provided an environmentally friendly, rapid, and highly productive method for the extraction and purification of four active compounds from Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves. The results can be used for the utilization of Z. bungeanum leaves as a kind of food supplement in an industrial setting.

中文翻译：

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超声辅助提取和大孔树脂同时富集和分离花椒叶中四种黄酮类化合物并评价其抗氧化活性

槲皮苷、金丝桃苷、芦丁和阿夫泽林是花椒叶中的主要黄酮类化合物，它们在抗氧化活性中起主要作用。大孔吸附树脂（MAR）处理是一种简单、低成本、高效的方法，结合超声辅助提取（UAE），高效富集和纯化白杨叶中的这四种黄酮类化合物。基于响应面法 (RSM) 的阿联酋最佳条件确定为乙醇浓度为 60%、叶片大小为 40 目、温度为 50°C 和超声波功率为 400 W，四种黄酮含量为 120.84 mg/g . 在提取过程之后，通过静态吸附/解吸对五种 MARs（D4020、D-101、NKA-9、AB-8 和 X-5）进行测试，以富集和纯化超声辅助提取物，D-101被选为最合适的树脂。最佳吸附条件为 5 个床体积 (BV) 的样品溶液，初始浓度为 7.5 mg/mL，pH 为 5.0。同时，最佳解吸参数为去离子水和 30% 乙醇各 5 BV，然后是 10 BV 70% 乙醇，流速为 2 BV/hr。在优化条件下，槲皮苷、金丝桃苷、芦丁和阿夫哲林的含量分别提高了276.39%、187.46%、221.81%和288.45%，回收率分别为85.47%、73.53%、81.35%和65.06% . 此外，实验室制备规模分离表明，四种黄酮类化合物的制备分离是可行且容易的。此外，富集后纯化产物的抗氧化活性显着提高。综上所述，所有结果表明，这些方法效率高、成本低、环境友好且易于规模化。实际应用 本研究为从花椒叶中提取和纯化四种活性化合物提供了一种环境友好、快速、高效的方法。该结果可用于在工业环境中利用白杨叶作为一种食品补充剂。