Abstract Electrospun carbon nanofibers (ECNFs) have attracted significant attention in recent years as relatively inexpensive alternative to carbon nanotubes for adsorption organic pollutants. In this study, ECNFs were fabricated from polyacrylonitrile (PAN) using an electrospinning technique, followed by carbonization and oxidation via treatment with a H2SO4/HNO3 mixture. The prepared oxidized electrospun carbon nanofibers (O-ECNFs) were characterized using scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The O-ECNFs were used as nano-adsorbents for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. The adsorption of MB by the O-ECNFs was studied as a function of pH, time, adsorbent dosage, MB concentration, and temperature. ECNF functionalization enhanced the adsorption capacity towards MB dye compared pristine ECNFs. Detailed analysis of the adsorption kinetics showed that the adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption isotherm was best fit by the Langmuir model. The thermodynamic results showed that MB adsorption onto the O-ECNFs was endothermic and spontaneous.

中文翻译：

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用于去除阳离子染料的功能化电纺碳纳米纤维

摘要 近年来，电纺碳纳米纤维（ECNFs）作为一种相对廉价的碳纳米管替代品来吸附有机污染物，引起了广泛的关注。在这项研究中，ECNFs 使用静电纺丝技术由聚丙烯腈 (PAN) 制成，然后通过用 H2SO4/HNO3 混合物处理进行碳化和氧化。使用扫描和透射电子显微镜（SEM和TEM）、傅里叶变换红外（FT-IR）、Brunauer-Emmett-Teller（BET）、X射线衍射（XRD）对制备的氧化电纺碳纳米纤维（O-ECNF）进行表征, 和热重分析 (TGA)。O-ECNFs 被用作纳米吸附剂，用于从水溶液中吸附亚甲蓝 (MB)。研究了 O-ECNF 对 MB 的吸附与 pH、时间、吸附剂剂量、MB 浓度和温度。与原始 ECNF 相比，ECNF 功能化增强了对 MB 染料的吸附能力。吸附动力学的详细分析表明吸附过程遵循准二级模型。Langmuir 模型最适合吸附等温线。热力学结果表明，MB 在 O-ECNFs 上的吸附是吸热和自发的。