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How effective are interventions in improving dietary behaviour in low- and middle-income countries? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Health Psychology Review ( IF 9.638 ) Pub Date : 2018-06-07 , DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2018.1481763
Lizzie Caperon 1 , Bianca Sykes-Muskett 2 , Faye Clancy 2 , James Newell 1 , Rebecca King 1 , Andrew Prestwich 2
Affiliation  

Several interventions encouraging people to change their diet have been tested in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) but these have not been meta-synthesised and it is not known which elements of these interventions contribute to their effectiveness. The current review addressed these issues. Randomised controlled trials of dietary interventions in LMICs were eligible and identified via eight publication databases. Elements of both the intervention and comparison groups (e.g., behaviour change techniques (BCTs), delivery mode), participant characteristics and risk of bias were coded. Random effects meta-analysis of 76 randomised controlled trials found, on average, small- to medium-sized but highly heterogeneous improvement in dietary behaviour following an intervention. Small and homogeneous improvements were found for BMI/weight, waist- and hip-circumference, with medium-sized, but heterogeneous, improvements in blood pressure and cholesterol. Although many BCTs have yet to be tested in this context, meta-regressions suggested some BCTs (action planning, self-monitoring of outcome(s) of behaviour; demonstration of behaviour) as well as individually randomised trials, adult- or hypertensive-samples and lack of blinding were associated with larger dietary behaviour effect sizes. Interventions to encourage people from LMICs to change their diet produce, on average, small-to-medium-sized effects. These effects may possibly be increased through the inclusion of specific BCTs and other study elements.

中文翻译:

在低收入和中等收入国家,干预措施对改善饮食行为的效果如何?系统评价和荟萃分析

在低收入和中等收入国家(LMIC)中已经测试了几种鼓励人们改变饮食的干预措施,但这些干预措施尚未进行综合合成,因此尚不清楚这些干预措施的哪些要素对其有效性有所贡献。当前的审查解决了这些问题。LMIC饮食干预的随机对照试验是合格的,并通过八个出版物数据库进行了鉴定。对干预组和比较组的要素(例如,行为改变技术(BCT),分娩方式),参与者特征和偏见风险进行编码。对76项随机对照试验的随机效应荟萃分析平均发现,干预后饮食行为在中小型但高度异质性改善。在体重指数/体重方面,发现了小而均匀的改善,腰围和臀围的大小和幅度有所不同,但血压和胆固醇水平有所改善。尽管许多BCT尚未在此背景下进行测试,但元回归显示了一些BCT(行动计划,行为结果的自我监测,行为证明)以及单独的随机试验,成人或高血压样本饮食缺乏和盲目性与较大的饮食行为影响量有关。干预措施鼓励中低收入国家的人们改变饮食习惯,平均产生中小规模的影响。通过包含特定的BCT和其他研究元素,可能会增加这些影响。荟萃回归提示一些BCT(行动计划,行为预后的自我监测;行为的证明)以及个体随机试验,成人或高血压样本以及无视盲与更大的饮食行为影响量有关。 。干预措施鼓励中低收入国家的人们改变饮食习惯,平均产生中小规模的影响。通过包含特定的BCT和其他研究元素,可能会增加这些影响。荟萃回归表明,一些BCT(行动计划,行为预后的自我监测;行为的证明)以及个体随机试验,成人或高血压样本以及无视盲与更大的饮食行为影响量有关。 。干预措施鼓励中低收入国家的人们改变饮食习惯,平均产生中小规模的影响。通过包含特定的BCT和其他研究元素,可能会增加这些影响。中小型效果。通过包含特定的BCT和其他研究元素,可能会增加这些影响。中小型效果。通过包含特定的BCT和其他研究元素,可能会增加这些影响。
更新日期:2018-08-01
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