BACKGROUND In the US Army, soldiers' nutrition behaviors have a direct impact on their performance. The emphasis in basic combat training is on "soldierization" (transforming a civilian into a soldier), and drill sergeants are instrumental in this process. Limited information about how drill sergeants use their influence to have an impact on nutrition behaviors of new soldiers is available. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine nutrition attitudes, beliefs, and knowledge of drill sergeants; the ways drill sergeants instill new soldiers with an army identity (eg, warrior athlete, army strong); and how healthy eating is perceived to fit with this new identity. DESIGN This qualitative, phenomenological study used in-depth interviews conducted with army drill sergeants at two southeast US Army posts between July and August 2011 (n=30). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Interviews emphasized drill sergeants' perceptions of the eating environment during basic training, the drill sergeant role, and drill sergeants' main duties. DATA ANALYSIS An iterative process of group coding using a constant comparative method was used to find distinct themes. Data were analyzed using qualitative data analysis software. RESULTS Drill sergeants described their main duty as training new soldiers. Drill sergeants identified the ideal soldier as lean and physically fit but did not identify training soldiers how to eat to become the ideal soldier as part of their duties. Confusion about nutrition concepts was common. Overall, drill sergeants recognized that what soldiers eat affects their physical performance and appearance, but they did not see helping soldiers establish healthy eating behaviors as one of their duties or responsibilities during basic combat training. CONCLUSIONS Drill sergeants are key individuals in the process by which new recruits develop a soldier identity. Additional resources are necessary to help drill sergeants emphasize nutrition and health during basic combat training and help them guide soldiers toward adopting healthy eating as part of their soldier identity to improve weight management, health, and performance.

中文翻译：

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演练军士在基础作战训练士兵营养行为中的作用

背景技术在美国陆军中，士兵的营养行为对其表现有直接影响。基础战斗训练的重点是“士兵化”（将平民转变为士兵），而演习中士在此过程中发挥了重要作用。关于操练中士如何利用他们的影响力对新士兵的营养行为产生影响的信息有限。目的 本研究旨在确定训练军士的营养态度、信念和知识；军训中士向新士兵灌输军队身份的方式（例如，战士运动员、军队强者）；以及人们如何看待健康饮食与这种新身份相适应。设计这项定性的现象学研究对 2011 年 7 月至 8 月期间在美国东南部两个陆军哨所的陆军演习中士进行了深入访谈（n=30）。主要结果测量 访谈强调了在基础训练期间，教官对饮食环境的看法、教官角色和教官的主要职责。数据分析 使用恒定比较方法的组编码迭代过程被用于寻找不同的主题。使用定性数据分析软件分析数据。结果 演练中士将他们的主要职责描述为训练新士兵。演练军士认为理想的士兵是精瘦的、身体健康的，但没有确定训练士兵如何吃饭成为理想的士兵，这是他们职责的一部分。对营养概念的混淆很常见。总体而言，演习中士认识到士兵吃的东西会影响他们的身体表现和外表，但他们没有将帮助士兵建立健康的饮食行为视为他们在基本战斗训练期间的职责或责任之一。结论 演习中士是新兵培养士兵身份过程中的关键人物。需要额外的资源来帮助演习中士在基本战斗训练中强调营养和健康，并帮助他们引导士兵将健康饮食作为士兵身份的一部分，以改善体重管理、健康和表现。