Abstract The doping of parent compound with selective dopants usually enhances the properties of the parent compound. In this paper, titanium doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (Co 1−x Ti x Fe 2 O 4 with x = 0–0.075) via the sol-gel route is reported. The effect of titanium ions on the properties of cobalt ferrite is detailed. Structural evolution is confirmed using XRD technique and the titanium ion induced changes are given in terms of lattice constant, grain size, X-ray density, tetrahedral and octahedral hopping length and tetrahedral and octahedral bond length. The X-ray diffraction pattern displayed the formation of cubic inverse spinal structure belonging to the Fd3m space group. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of characteristic peaks of ferrites around 400 cm −1 and 600 cm −1 . Raman spectroscopy revealed reduction in peak intensities of Raman active modes. SEM characterization had shown the formation of well resolved spherical particles. Elemental composition was evaluated by EDAX spectrum. TEM images also confirmed the spherical morphology of the nanocrystallites and crystallite size calculated is in agreement with that calculated from the XRD analysis. The SAED pattern shows uniform fringes of width 0.428 nm belonging (2 2 2) plane. The diffraction pattern of HRTEM confirmed cubic spinel structure of the samples. Magnetic properties are evaluated from room temperature hysteresis loops. Increase in the saturation magnetization and coercivity was observed with increasing titanium content. Gradual increase in impedance with the increase in titanium concentration was estimated by impedance spectroscopy.

中文翻译：

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钛取代钴铁氧体纳米微晶的结构、电学和磁学性能研究

摘要 用选择性掺杂剂掺杂母体化合物通常可以增强母体化合物的性能。在本文中，报道了通过溶胶-凝胶途径掺杂钛的钴铁氧体纳米颗粒（Co 1-x Ti x Fe 2 O 4，x = 0-0.075）。详细介绍了钛离子对铁氧体钴性能的影响。使用 XRD 技术确认了结构演化，并在晶格常数、晶粒尺寸、X 射线密度、四面体和八面体跳跃长度以及四面体和八面体键长方面给出了钛离子引起的变化。X 射线衍射图显示了属于 Fd3m 空间群的立方逆脊结构的形成。FTIR 分析证实在400 cm -1 和600 cm -1 附近存在铁氧体的特征峰。拉曼光谱显示拉曼活性模式的峰值强度降低。SEM表征表明形成了解析良好的球形颗粒。通过EDAX光谱评估元素组成。TEM 图像还证实了纳米微晶的球形形态，计算出的微晶尺寸与 XRD 分析计算出的一致。SAED 图案显示出属于 (2 2 2) 平面的宽度为 0.428 nm 的均匀条纹。HRTEM 的衍射图证实了样品的立方尖晶石结构。从室温磁滞回线评估磁性。随着钛含量的增加，观察到饱和磁化强度和矫顽力增加。通过阻抗谱估计阻抗随着钛浓度的增加而逐渐增加。