The binder-free all-carbonaceous-component electrode was constructed by directly growing electroactive materials of nitrogen-doped carbon (NDC) on the substrate material of carbon paper (CP). The nitrogen-enriched polyaniline could be converted into NDC nanowires to cover on the surface of CP through electro-polymerization and carbonization processes. The polyaniline-derivated NDC electroactive material exhibits high capacity of 404.0 F g⁻¹ at 1.0 A g⁻¹. The superior capacitance results from the good electron-donor properties of heterocyclic nitrogen distributed in the carbon skeleton and reversible redox reactivity of exocyclic nitrogen-containing functional groups at the edge of carbon skeleton. A low capacity decay of 22% indicates high rate capability when current density increases from 1.0 to 10 A g⁻¹. A high capacity retention ratio of 95.8% after 5000 cycles at 10.0 A g⁻¹ presents good cycling stability. A symmetrical solid-state supercapacitor was constructed using NDC/CP electrode and polyvinyl alcohol-H₂SO₄ gel electrolyte. The device delivers a specific capacitance of 187.1 F g⁻¹ at 1.0 A g⁻¹, an energy density of 66.54 Wh kg⁻¹ at the power density of 0.8 kW kg⁻¹, the capacity retention ratio of 94.1% after 5000 cycles at 5.0 A g⁻¹ and an output voltage of 1.6 V, which is comparable to the reported state-of-the-art carbon-based supercapacitor. The all-carbonaceous-component electrode presents promising application in electrochemical energy storage devices.

通过在碳纸（CP）的基材上直接生长氮掺杂碳（NDC）的电活性材料来构建无粘合剂的全碳质组分电极。富氮聚苯胺可通过电聚合和碳化过程转化为NDC纳米线，覆盖在CP表面。聚苯胺衍生的NDC电活性材料在1.0 A g ^-1下表现出404.0 F g ^-1的高容量。优异的电容归因于分布在碳骨架中的杂环氮的良好电子给体特性以及碳骨架边缘处的环外含氮官能团的可逆氧化还原反应性。当电流密度从1.0 A g ^-1增加到22％时，低容量衰减表示高倍率容量。在10.0 A g ^-1下进行5000次循环后，容量保持率高达95.8％，表现出良好的循环稳定性。使用NDC / CP电极和聚乙烯醇-H ₂ SO ₄凝胶电解质构建了对称的固态超级电容器。该器件在1.0 A g ^-1时提供187.1 F g ^-1的比电容，能量密度为0.8 kW kg ^-1时的能量密度为66.54 Wh kg ^-1，在5.0 A g ^{-1的条件下}经过5000次循环后的容量保持率为94.1％，输出电压为1.6 V，与报告了最先进的碳基超级电容器。全碳组分电极在电化学储能装置中具有广阔的应用前景。