Polarization is a degree of freedom of light carrying important information that is usually absent in intensity and spectral content. Imaging polarimetry is the process of determining the polarization state of light, either partially or fully, over an extended scene. It has found several applications in various fields, from remote sensing to biology. Among different devices for imaging polarimetry, division of focal plane polarization cameras (DoFP-PCs) are more compact, less complicated, and less expensive. In general, DoFP-PCs are based on an array of polarization filters in the focal plane. Here we demonstrate a new principle and design for DoFP-PCs based on dielectric metasurfaces with the ability to control polarization and phase. Instead of polarization filtering, the method is based on splitting and focusing light in three different polarization bases. Therefore, it enables full Stokes characterization of the state of polarization and overcomes the 50% theoretical efficiency limit of the polarization-filter-based DoFP-PCs.

中文翻译：

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使用介电超表面的全斯托克斯成像极化法

偏振是载有重要信息的光的自由度，强度和光谱含量通常不存在。成像偏振法是确定扩展场景中部分或全部光的偏振状态的过程。它已在从遥感到生物学的各个领域中找到了多种应用。在用于成像偏振仪的不同设备中，焦平面偏振相机（DoFP-PC）的划分更紧凑，更简单，更便宜。通常，DoFP-PC基于焦平面中的偏振滤光片阵列。在这里，我们演示了基于介电超表面的DoFP-PC的新原理和设计，它具有控制极化和相位的能力。代替极化滤波，该方法基于在三个不同的偏振基中分裂和聚焦光。因此，它能够完全表征偏振态，并克服了基于偏振滤波器的DoFP-PC的50％理论效率极限。