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Genome-centric view of carbon processing in thawing permafrost
Nature ( IF 64.8 ) Pub Date : 2018-07-16 , DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0338-1
Ben J. Woodcroft , Caitlin M. Singleton , Joel A. Boyd , Paul N. Evans , Joanne B. Emerson , Ahmed A. F. Zayed , Robert D. Hoelzle , Timothy O. Lamberton , Carmody K. McCalley , Suzanne B. Hodgkins , Rachel M. Wilson , Samuel O. Purvine , Carrie D. Nicora , Changsheng Li , Steve Frolking , Jeffrey P. Chanton , Patrick M. Crill , Scott R. Saleska , Virginia I. Rich , Gene W. Tyson

As global temperatures rise, large amounts of carbon sequestered in permafrost are becoming available for microbial degradation. Accurate prediction of carbon gas emissions from thawing permafrost is limited by our understanding of these microbial communities. Here we use metagenomic sequencing of 214 samples from a permafrost thaw gradient to recover 1,529 metagenome-assembled genomes, including many from phyla with poor genomic representation. These genomes reflect the diversity of this complex ecosystem, with genus-level representatives for more than sixty per cent of the community. Meta-omic analysis revealed key populations involved in the degradation of organic matter, including bacteria whose genomes encode a previously undescribed fungal pathway for xylose degradation. Microbial and geochemical data highlight lineages that correlate with the production of greenhouse gases and indicate novel syntrophic relationships. Our findings link changing biogeochemistry to specific microbial lineages involved in carbon processing, and provide key information for predicting the effects of climate change on permafrost systems.Analysis of more than 1,500 microbial genomes sheds light on the processing of carbon released as permafrost thaws.

中文翻译:

以基因组为中心的永久冻土融化过程中碳加工的观点

随着全球气温升高,永久冻土中的大量碳可​​用于微生物降解。我们对这些微生物群落的了解限制了对永久冻土融化产生的碳气体排放的准确预测。在这里,我们使用来自永久冻土融化梯度的 214 个样本的宏基因组测序来恢复 1,529 个宏基因组组装的基因组,包括许多来自基因组代表性较差的门。这些基因组反映了这个复杂生态系统的多样性,60% 以上的社区都有属级代表。元组学分析揭示了参与有机物降解的关键种群,包括其基因组编码以前未描述的木糖降解真菌途径的细菌。微生物和地球化学数据突出了与温室气体产生相关的谱系,并表明了新的共养关系。我们的发现将不断变化的生物地球化学与参与碳加工的特定微生物谱系联系起来,并为预测气候变化对永久冻土系统的影响提供了关键信息。对 1,500 多个微生物基因组的分析揭示了永久冻土融化释放的碳的加工过程。
更新日期:2018-07-16
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