Acute retinal arterial ischemia, including vascular transient monocular vision loss (TMVL) and branch (BRAO) and central retinal arterial occlusions (CRAO), are ocular and systemic emergencies requiring immediate diagnosis and treatment. Guidelines recommend the combination of urgent brain magnetic resonance imaging with diffusion-weighted imaging, vascular imaging, and clinical assessment to identify TMVL, BRAO, and CRAO patients at highest risk for recurrent stroke, facilitating early preventive treatments to reduce the risk of subsequent stroke and cardiovascular events. Because the risk of stroke is maximum within the first few days after the onset of visual loss, prompt diagnosis and triage are mandatory. Eye care professionals must make a rapid and accurate diagnosis and recognize the need for timely expert intervention by immediately referring patients with acute retinal arterial ischemia to specialized stroke centers without attempting to perform any further testing themselves. The development of local networks prompting collaboration among optometrists, ophthalmologists, and stroke neurologists should facilitate such evaluations, whether in a rapid-access transient ischemic attack clinic, in an emergency department-observation unit, or with hospitalization, depending on local resources.

中文翻译：

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急性视网膜缺血的处理：遵循指南！

急性视网膜动脉缺血，包括血管短暂性单眼视力丧失（TMVL）和分支（BRAO）以及视网膜中央动脉阻塞（CRAO），是眼部和全身紧急情况，需要立即诊断和治疗。指南建议将紧急脑磁共振成像与弥散加权成像，血管成像和临床评估相结合，以识别复发性中风风险最高的TMVL，BRAO和CRAO患者，有利于早期预防性治疗，以降低随后发生中风的风险。心血管事件。由于在视力丧失发作后的头几天内中风的风险最大，因此必须进行迅速的诊断和分类。眼保健专业人员必须做出快速而准确的诊断，并认识到需要及时进行专家干预，方法是立即将患有急性视网膜动脉缺血的患者转诊至专门的卒中中心，而无需自己进行进一步的检查。本地网络的发展促进了验光师，眼科医生和中风神经病学家之间的合作，无论是在快速访问的短暂性脑缺血发作诊所，在急诊室的观察单位还是在住院期间，都应根据当地的资源来促进这种评估。