Mushrooms represent a tremendous source of biologically useful and pharmacologically active molecules. Recent breakthroughs in cancer genetics, genomics, proteomics and translational research have helped us to develop a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms which are contributory in cancer development and progression. Different signaling pathways particularly, Wnt, SHH, TGF/SMAD and JAK/STAT have been shown to modulate cancer progression and development. Increasingly it is being realized that genetic/epigenetic mutations and loss of apoptosis also mandate a 'multi-molecular' perspective for the development of therapies to treat cancer. In this review we attempted to provide an overview of the regulation of different signaling pathways by mushrooms and their bioactive compounds. Regulation of Wnt and JAK-STAT pathways by mushrooms is deeply studied but we do not have comprehensive information about regulation of TGF/SMAD, Notch and TRAIL induced signaling pathways because of superficially available data. There are outstanding questions related to modulation of oncogenic and tumor suppressor microRNAs by mushrooms in different cancers. Therefore, detailed mechanistic insights related to targeting of multiple pathways by extracts or bioactive compounds from mushrooms will be helpful in bridging our current knowledge gaps and translation of medicinally precious bioactive molecules to clinically effective therapeutics.

蘑菇代表了生物学上有用和具有药理活性的分子的巨大来源。癌症遗传学，基因组学，蛋白质组学和转化研究方面的最新突破已帮助我们更好地理解了导致癌症发展和进展的潜在机制。已经显示出不同的信号传导途径，特别是Wnt，SHH，TGF / SMAD和JAK / STAT，可以调节癌症的进展和发展。越来越多地意识到遗传/表观遗传突变和细胞凋亡的丧失也要求“多分子”观点来发展治疗癌症的疗法。在这篇综述中，我们试图概述蘑菇及其生物活性化合物对不同信号通路的调控。蘑菇对Wnt和JAK-STAT信号通路的调控已进行了深入研究，但由于表面上的数据，我们对TGF / SMAD，Notch和TRAIL诱导的信号通路的调控尚无全面的信息。在不同的癌症中，蘑菇对致癌和抑癌微RNA的调节存在悬而未决的问题。因此，与蘑菇提取物或生物活性化合物靶向多种途径相关的详细机理见解将有助于弥合我们目前的知识差距，并将医学上有价值的生物活性分子转化为临床有效的治疗方法。在不同的癌症中，蘑菇对致癌和抑癌微RNA的调节存在悬而未决的问题。因此，与蘑菇提取物或生物活性化合物靶向多种途径相关的详细机理见解将有助于弥合我们目前的知识差距，并将医学上有价值的生物活性分子转化为临床有效的治疗方法。在不同的癌症中，蘑菇对致癌和抑癌微RNA的调节存在悬而未决的问题。因此，与蘑菇提取物或生物活性化合物靶向多种途径相关的详细机理见解将有助于弥合我们目前的知识差距，并将医学上有价值的生物活性分子转化为临床有效的治疗方法。