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Arsenic accumulation in paddy plants at different phases of pre-monsoon cultivation
Chemosphere ( IF 8.8 ) Pub Date : 2018-07-12 , DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.041
Nilanjana Roy Chowdhury , Reshmi Das , Madhurima Joardar , Soma Ghosh , Subhojit Bhowmick , Tarit Roychowdhury

Geogenic arsenic (As) contamination in Bengal Delta Plain is a growing environmental and research concern. Cultivation of staple crops like paddy on these contaminated fields is one of the major routes for human dietary exposure. The present study investigates changes of arsenic concentrations in paddy plant parts, root soil and surface soil throughout the various phases of pre-monsoon (boro) cultivation. Arsenic uptake property of paddy plants collected from 10 fields was found to be dependent on the variety of paddy plant (like Minikit, Jaya) other than arsenic levels in groundwater (0.074–0.301 mg/l) or soil (25.3–60 mg/kg). Arsenic is translocated from root to aerial parts in descending order. Leaf, stem, root, root soil and surface soil showed a similar trend in their change of arsenic concentration throughout the cultivation period. Arsenic concentration was highest in vegetative phase; sharply declined in reproductive phase; followed by moderate increase in ripening phase. The young root tissues in vegetative (primary) phase could uptake arsenic at a much faster rate than the older tissues in later phases. With the growth of the plant, higher concentrations of iron in root soil in the reproductive phase confirmed the formation of iron plaques on the surface of the root, which sequester arsenic and prevented its uptake by plants. Finally, co-precipitation of arsenic with iron released from crystallized iron plaques results in loosening of the iron plaques from root surface. Thus, soil arsenic concentration increases in the final phase of cultivation which in turn contributes to increased concentration in plant parts.



中文翻译:

季风前不同时期水稻植株中的砷积累

孟加拉三角洲平原地区的砷源污染是环境和研究领域日益关注的问题。在这些受污染的田地上种植水稻等主食作物是人类饮食中的主要途径之一。本研究调查了季风前()栽培各个阶段中水稻植物部位,根系土壤和表层土壤中砷浓度的变化。发现从10个田地中收集的稻田植物对砷的吸收特性取决于稻田植物的品种(例如Minikit,Jaya),而不是地下水(0.074–0.301 mg / l)或土壤(25.3–60 mg / kg)中的砷含量。砷以从高到低的顺序从根部转移到地上部分。在整个栽培期间,叶片,茎,根,根土壤和表层土壤的砷浓度变化趋势相似。营养期砷浓度最高。生殖阶段急剧下降;其次是成熟阶段的适度增加。营养期(初生期)的年轻根部组织吸收砷的速率比后期生长期的组织快得多。随着植物的生长,生殖期根土壤中铁的浓度较高,这证实了根表面上铁斑的形成,这会隔离砷并阻止植物吸收砷。最后,砷与从结晶铁斑中释放出的铁共沉淀会导致铁斑从根表面松动。因此,在培养的最后阶段土壤砷浓度增加,这反过来又导致植物部分浓度的增加。

更新日期:2018-07-12
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