Droplet microfluidics offers exquisite control over the flows of multiple fluids in microscale, enabling fabrication of advanced microparticles with precisely tunable structures and compositions in a high throughput manner. The combination of these remarkable features with proper materials and fabrication methods has enabled high efficiency, direct encapsulation of actives in microparticles whose features and functionalities can be well controlled. These microparticles have great potential in a wide range of bio-related applications including drug delivery, cell-laden matrices, biosensors and even as artificial cells. In this review, we briefly summarize the materials, fabrication methods, and microparticle structures produced with droplet microfluidics. We also provide a comprehensive overview of their recent uses in biomedical applications. Finally, we discuss the existing challenges and perspectives to promote the future development of these engineered microparticles.

中文翻译：

---

用于生物医学应用的微粒的微流体制造

液滴微流体可以对微尺度下多种流体的流动进行精确控制，从而能够以高通量方式制造具有精确可调结构和成分的先进微粒。这些显着的特征与适当的材料和制造方法相结合，可以将活性物质高效、直接地封装在微粒中，并且其特性和功能可以得到很好的控制。这些微粒在广泛的生物相关应用中具有巨大的潜力，包括药物输送、细胞负载基质、生物传感器，甚至作为人造细胞。在这篇综述中，我们简要总结了液滴微流控技术产生的材料、制造方法和微粒结构。我们还全面概述了它们最近在生物医学应用中的用途。最后，我们讨论了促进这些工程微粒未来发展的现有挑战和前景。