Air pollution has been linked to adverse cardiovascular outcomes; however, susceptibility may vary by population. Puerto Rican adults living in the US may be a susceptible group due to a high rate of adverse cardiovascular events. We evaluated the effect of changes in ambient particle number concentration (PNC, a measure of ultrafine particles) and effects on biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (BPRHS), a longitudinal cohort (n = 1499). Ambient PNC was measured at a fixed site between 2004 and 2013 and daily mean concentrations were used to construct PNC metrics, including lags of 0, 1 and 2 days and moving averages (MAs) of 3, 7 and 28 days. We examined the association of each metric with C-reactive protein (CRP) and blood pressure. Each model included subject-specific random intercepts to account for multiple measurements. An interquartile range (IQR) increase in PNC was associated with CRP for all metrics, notably a 3-day increase in PNC was associated with a 7.1% (95% CI: 2.0%, 12.2%) increase in CRP. Significant associations with CRP were seen in women, but not men; with current and former (but not non-) smokers; participants younger (but not older) than 65 y; those without diabetes (but not with), and those with (but not without), hypertension. Our study extends knowledge about the health effects of air pollution to a vulnerable population that has been understudied.

空气污染与心血管不良后果有关；但是，易感性可能因人群而异。由于不良心血管事件的发生率很高，居住在美国的波多黎各人可能是易感人群。我们在纵向队列（n = 1499）的波士顿波多黎各人健康研究（BPRHS）中评估了环境颗粒物浓度变化（PNC，一种超细颗粒物）的变化以及对心血管风险生物标志物的影响。在2004年至2013年之间的固定地点对环境PNC进行了测量，并使用每日平均浓度构建PNC指标，包括0、1和2天的滞后时间以及3、7和28天的移动平均值（MA）。我们检查了每个指标与C反应蛋白（CRP）和血压之间的关系。每个模型都包含特定于受试者的随机截距，以说明多次测量。在所有指标中，PNC的四分位数间距（IQR）均与CRP相关，特别是PNC的3天升高与CRP升高7.1％（95％CI：2.0％，12.2％）相关。在女性中发现与CRP的显着相关，而在男性中则没有。目前和以前（但不是非吸烟者）的吸烟者；年龄小于（但不大于）65岁的参与者；那些没有糖尿病（但不是没有）和那些（但不是没有）高血压的人。我们的研究将关于空气污染对健康的影响的知识扩展到了尚未被研究的脆弱人群。在女性中发现与CRP的显着相关，而在男性中则没有。目前和以前（但不是非吸烟者）的吸烟者；年龄小于（但不大于）65岁的参与者；那些没有糖尿病（但不是没有）和那些（但不是没有）高血压的人。我们的研究将关于空气污染对健康的影响的知识扩展到了尚未被研究的脆弱人群。在女性中发现与CRP的显着相关，而在男性中则没有。目前和以前（但不是非吸烟者）的吸烟者；年龄小于（但不大于）65岁的参与者；那些没有糖尿病（但不是没有）和那些（但不是没有）高血压的人。我们的研究将关于空气污染对健康的影响的知识扩展到了尚未被研究的脆弱人群。