One of the primary causes of skin irritation is the use of body wash cosmetics and household chemicals, since they are in direct contact with the skin, and they are widely available and frequently used. The main ingredients of products of this type are surfactants, which may have diverse effects on the skin. The skin irritation potential of surfactants is determined by their chemical and physical properties resulting from their structure, and specific interactions with the skin. Surfactants are capable of interacting both with proteins and lipids in the stratum corneum. By penetrating through this layer, surfactants are also able to affect living cells in deeper regions of the skin. Further skin penetration may result in damage to cell membranes and structural components of keratinocytes, releasing proinflammatory mediators. By causing irreversible changes in cell structure, surfactants can often lead to their death. The paper presents a critical review of literature on the effects of surfactants on the skin. Aspects discussed in the paper include the skin irritation potential of surfactants, mechanisms underlying interactions between compounds of this type and the skin which have been proposed over the years, and verified methods of reducing the skin irritation potential of surfactant compounds. Basic research conducted in this field over many years translate into practical applications of surfactants in the cosmetic and household chemical industries. This aspect is also emphasized in the present study.

皮肤刺激性的主要原因之一是使用沐浴露化妆品和日用化学药品，因为它们直接与皮肤接触，并且被广泛使用并且经常使用。这类产品的主要成分是表面活性剂，对皮肤可能有多种作用。表面活性剂的皮肤刺激潜力取决于其结构和与皮肤的特定相互作用所产生的化学和物理性质。表面活性剂既能与蛋白质相互作用，又能与蛋白质相互作用。角质层中的脂质。通过穿透该层，表面活性剂还能够影响皮肤深层区域的活细胞。进一步的皮肤渗透可能导致对细胞膜和角质形成细胞结构成分的破坏，释放促炎介质。通过引起细胞结构的不可逆变化，表面活性剂通常会导致其死亡。本文对表面活性剂对皮肤的影响进行了文献综述。本文讨论的方面包括表面活性剂对皮肤的潜在刺激作用，多年来提出的这类化合物与皮肤之间相互作用的潜在机制，以及减少表面活性​​剂化合物对皮肤的刺激作用的经过验证的方法。化学工业。在本研究中也强调了这一方面。