By introducing [6,6]-phenyl-C₆₁-butyric acid methyl ester as an effective additive in the perovskite precursor solution, we demonstrate a grain interface-engineering approach for universally increasing the efficiency of perovskite solar cells based on the printable triple mesoscopic structure of TiO₂/ZrO₂/carbon. These perovskite solar cells have advantages of low-cost and are easy to scale up, however the micrometer-thick mesoscopic layers and one-step dropping method challenge perovskite crystallization in such devices, resulting in non-ignorable charge-recombination loss. With adding an optimized 0.25 mg mL⁻¹ PCBM into the perovskite precursor solution, we improve the champion PCE of PSCs using MAPbI₃ perovskites from 8.58% to 12.36% and that of PSCs using MAPbI_2.95(BF₄)_0.05 perovskites from 12.77% to 14.26%. We find that the PCBM additive affects the perovskite morphology, facilitates the photo-generated charge separation and suppresses the charge recombination in the device, thus yielding a universal improvement of MPSC performance. This work gives a new insight towards designing high performance perovskite solar cells.

通过在钙钛矿前体溶液中引入[6,6]-苯基-C _61-丁酸甲酯作为有效添加剂，我们展示了一种基于可印刷三重介观观的通用提高钙钛矿太阳能电池效率的晶粒界面工程方法TiO ₂ / ZrO ₂ /碳的结构。这些钙钛矿太阳能电池具有低成本的优点，并且易于按比例放大，但是微米级的介观层和一步降法挑战了这种设备中钙钛矿的结晶，导致不可忽略的电荷复合损失。通过向钙钛矿前体溶液中添加优化的0.25 mg mL ^-1 PCBM，我们使用MAPbI ₃改善了PSC的最佳PCE钙钛矿从8.58％至12.36％，而使用的PSC MAPbI的_2.95（BF ₄）_0.05钙钛矿从12.77％至14.26％。我们发现，PCBM添加剂会影响钙钛矿的形貌，促进光生电荷的分离，并抑制器件中的电荷重组，从而产生MPSC性能的普遍提高。这项工作为设计高性能钙钛矿太阳能电池提供了新的见解。