We fabricate a porous and flexible membrane electrode composed of nano-nickel hydroxide as an electrochemically active material, a polymer as a substrate material, and a copolymer as a modification additive. A series of amphiphilic block copolymers of PAA-b-PAN-b-PAA, F127, PDMC-b-PAN-b-PDMC, and PVP-b-PAN-b-PVP are prepared, and their effects on the thickness, surface structure, and electrochemical performance of the electrode materials are investigated. It is discovered that the hydrophilic chains of the amphiphilic block copolymer contribute a lot to improving the surface properties of electrolyte-affinity. The results indicate that the electrode membrane with a membrane thickness of 60 μm modified by PAA-b-PAN-b-PAA demonstrates the highest specific capacitance of 3090.0 F g⁻¹ at a current density of 0.5 A g⁻¹. An asymmetric supercapacitor based on the fabricated electrode membrane using Ni(OH)₂ as the positive active material and activated carbon as the negative electrode obtains a capacitance of 114.1 F g⁻¹ at 0.5 A g⁻¹. The device shows good cycling stability with a capacitance retention of up to 90.7% after 5000 cycles at 1.0 A g⁻¹. The maximum energy density of the asymmetrical supercapacitor reached 40.6 W h kg⁻¹ at a power density of 400.0 W kg⁻¹, and a high power density of 4000.0 W kg⁻¹ was obtained at 23.5 W h kg⁻¹ in 6 M KOH aqueous electrolyte.

中文翻译：

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具有用于能量存储的电解质亲和性表面的柔性膜电极：两亲嵌段共聚物和膜厚度的影响†

我们制造了一种多孔且柔性的膜电极，该电极由纳米氢氧化镍作为电化学活性材料，聚合物作为基质材料，以及共聚物作为改性添加剂组成。一系列PAA-的两亲性嵌段共聚物的b -PAN- b -PAA，F127，PDMC- b -PAN- b -PDMC，以及PVP- b -PAN- b制备了-PVP，并研究了它们对电极材料的厚度，表面结构和电化学性能的影响。发现两亲性嵌段共聚物的亲水链对改善电解质亲和性的表面性质有很大贡献。结果表明，具有60微米的由PAA-改性的膜厚度的电极膜b -PAN- b -PAA演示的3090.0 F G的最高比电容^-1在0.5 A g的电流密度^-1。基于使用Ni（OH）₂作为正极活性材料和活性炭作为负极的电极膜制成的不对称超级电容器，其电容为114.1 F g^-1在0.5 A g ^-1。该器件显示出良好的循环稳定性，在1.0 A g ^-1下经过5000次循环后的电容保持率高达90.7％。在400.0 W kg ^-1的功率密度下，非对称超级电容器的最大能量密度达到40.6 W h kg ^-1，在6 M KOH中，在23.5 W h kg ^-1的条件下获得4000.0 W kg ^-1的高功率密度水性电解质。