Nowadays, metal analysis in polymers is experiencing growing interest due to increased environmental regulations and the need for sustainable polymer recycling strategies. Quick and reliable analyses are required to fulfill the demands of today's industry. Due to the high chemical inertness of most polymers, traditional solution-based analysis is often not an option and solid-sampling techniques such as Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) or Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) have to be employed as an alternative. These, however, are typically prone to matrix effects and for each polymer type a separate reference material with known concentration may be required – an approach which is obviously not suitable if the polymer type is not even known. To overcome these difficulties, a tandem LA-ICP-MS/LIBS procedure coupled with statistical analysis has been used in this study. LIBS is known to be especially prone to matrix effects – which has been used as a benefit here. Complete broadband LIBS spectra with a wealth of information have been used as signatures for the investigated polymer types (polyimide, polymethylmethacrylate and polyvinylpyrrolidone) to serve the purpose of reducing matrix effects. While LIBS allowed the detection of alkali metals and alkali earth metals even at lower concentrations, LA-ICP-MS was used simultaneously for the analysis of other trace metals in the μg g⁻¹ regime. Na, Sr, Co, In, and Pt were used as exemplary analytes at concentrations ranging from as low as 0.1 μg g⁻¹ up to 300 μg g⁻¹. Using the combined dataset of all three polymer types (in total 23 samples), multivariate calibration models could be constructed for all elements of interest. Validation was performed using a set of 22 external samples showing relative average deviations from their actual elemental content of 4.4%, but not more than 9.6%.

中文翻译：

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使用串联LA-ICP-MS / LIBS进行聚合物中的金属分析：使用多元校准消除基质效应†

如今，由于日益严格的环境法规以及对可持续聚合物回收策略的需求，聚合物中的金属分析越来越引起人们的关注。需要快速而可靠的分析才能满足当今行业的需求。由于大多数聚合物具有很高的化学惰性，因此传统的基于溶液的分析通常不是可选项，而固体取样技术（例如激光烧蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱法（LA-ICP-MS）或激光诱导击穿光谱法（LIBS））具有优势被用作替代。但是，这些通常容易产生基体效应，对于每种聚合物类型，都可能需要单独的具有已知浓度的参考材料-如果甚至不知道聚合物类型，则显然不适合这种方法。为了克服这些困难，这项研究使用了串联的LA-ICP-MS / LIBS程序和统计分析。众所周知，LIBS特别容易产生基质效应-在这里已被用作益处。具有丰富信息的完整宽带LIBS光谱已用作所研究的聚合物类型（聚酰亚胺，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮）的标记，以减少基质效应。尽管LIBS甚至可以检测低浓度的碱金属和碱土金属，但同时使用LA-ICP-MS分析微克g中的其他痕量金属 具有丰富信息的完整宽带LIBS光谱已用作所研究的聚合物类型（聚酰亚胺，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮）的标记，以减少基质效应。尽管LIBS甚至可以检测低浓度的碱金属和碱土金属，但同时使用LA-ICP-MS分析微克g中的其他痕量金属 具有丰富信息的完整宽带LIBS光谱已用作所研究的聚合物类型（聚酰亚胺，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮）的标记，以减少基质效应。尽管LIBS甚至可以检测低浓度的碱金属和碱土金属，但同时使用LA-ICP-MS分析微克g中的其他痕量金属^-1制度。Na，Sr，Co，In和Pt被用作示例性分析物，其浓度范围从低至0.1μgg ^-1到300μgg ^-1。使用所有三种聚合物类型的组合数据集（总共23个样品），可以为所有感兴趣的元素构建多元校准模型。使用一组22个外部样品进行验证，这些样品显示与其实际元素含量的相对平均偏差为4.4％，但不超过9.6％。