During the last decade, two-dimensional materials (2DMs) have attracted great attention due to their unique chemical and physical properties, which make them appealing platforms for diverse applications in opto-electronic devices, energy generation and storage, and sensing. Among their various extraordinary properties, 2DMs possess high surface area-to-volume ratios and ultra-high surface sensitivity to the environment, which are key characteristics for applications in chemical sensing. Furthermore, 2DMs’ superior electrical and optical properties, combined with their excellent mechanical characteristics such as robustness and flexibility, make these materials ideal components for the fabrication of a new generation of high-performance chemical sensors. Depending on the specific device, 2DMs can be tailored to interact with various chemical species at the non-covalent level, making them powerful platforms for fabricating devices exhibiting a high sensitivity towards detection of various analytes including gases, ions and small biomolecules. Here, we will review the most enlightening recent advances in the field of chemical sensors based on atomically-thin 2DMs and we will discuss the opportunities and the challenges towards the realization of novel hybrid materials and sensing devices.

中文翻译：

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使用2D材料进行化学感测

在过去的十年中，二维材料（2DM）由于其独特的化学和物理特性而备受关注，这使其成为光电设备，能量产生和存储以及传感领域中各种应用的理想平台。在2DM的各种非凡特性中，它们具有高的表面积体积比和对环境的超高表面敏感性，这是化学传感应用的关键特征。此外，2DM的卓越电学和光学特性，再加上其出色的机械特性（如坚固性和柔韧性），使这些材料成为制造新一代高性能化学传感器的理想组件。根据具体设备，可以定制2DM使其在非共价水平上与各种化学物质相互作用，使其成为制造设备的强大平台，这些设备对检测各种分析物（包括气体，离子和小生物分子）具有很高的灵敏度。在这里，我们将回顾基于原子薄的2DM的化学传感器领域中最有启发性的最新进展，并将讨论实现新型混合材料和传感设备的机遇和挑战。