Black phosphorus (BP) possesses unique physical properties and, owing to its intrinsic instability, the proper surface and chemical coordination is the key point in many applications. Herein, a facile and efficient surface lanthanide‐coordination strategy based on lanthanide (Ln) sulfonate complexes is designed to passivate and functionalize different BP‐based nanostructures including quantum dots, nanosheets, and microflakes. By means of Ln–P coordination, the lone‐pair electrons of phosphorus are occupied, thus preventing oxidation of BP, and the LnL₃@BP exhibits excellent stability in both air and water. Furthermore, accompanied by the original photothermal performance of BP nanostructures, the Gd‐coordinated BP has high R₁ relativities in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and other Ln (Tb, Eu, and Nd) coordinated BP structures exhibit fluorescence spanning the visible to near‐infrared regions. Not only is LnL₃ surface passivation an efficient method to enhance the stability of BP, but also the MR or fluorescence derived from lanthanide ions extends the application of BP to optoelectronics and biomedical engineering.

中文翻译：

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镧系配位的黑色磷

黑磷（BP）具有独特的物理性能，由于其固有的不稳定性，适当的表面和化学配位是许多应用中的关键点。在本文中，基于镧系元素（Ln）磺酸盐配合物的一种简便而有效的表面镧系元素配位策略旨在钝化和功能化不同的基于BP的纳米结构，包括量子点，纳米片和微薄片。通过Ln-P配位，磷的孤对电子被占据，从而防止了BP的氧化，并且LnL ₃ @BP在空气和水中均表现出出色的稳定性。此外，伴随着BP纳米结构的原始光热性能，Gd配位的BP具有较高的R ₁磁共振（MR）成像和其他Ln（Tb，Eu和Nd）协调的BP结构的相对论性表现出涵盖可见光到近红外区域的荧光。LnL ₃表面钝化不仅是增强BP稳定性的有效方法，而且源自镧系元素离子的MR或荧光也将BP的应用扩展到了光电学和生物医学工程领域。