Platinum (Pt) is considered “the Holy Grail” of electrocatalysts, which has emerged as an important branch in electrocatalysts. Designing electrocatalysts is the first and most important step to achieve Pt with advanced performance. However, the traditional composition and morphology strategies have been unable to further promote the performances of Pt‐based materials. Therefore, some new strategies for advanced Pt‐based catalysts, including phase‐, surface‐, interface‐, and strain‐engineered, emerged at a historic moment, which have harvested unprecedented electrochemical improvements. Herein, recent advances of the above new strategies for designing high‐performance Pt‐based electrocatalysts are highlighted. In each section, the authors first introduce the basic concepts of phase‐, surface‐, interface‐, and strain‐engineered strategies and their essences for improving the electrocatalyic performances. The synthetic methods and electrochemical applications of these catalysts are summarized and demonstrated by representative examples. Finally, the recent challenges and valuable perspectives for the future development of advanced Pt‐based catalysts are proposed.

中文翻译：

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高性能铂基电催化剂的高级设计：最新进展和挑战

铂（Pt）被认为是电催化剂的“圣杯”，它已成为电催化剂的重要分支。设计电催化剂是实现具有先进性能的Pt的第一步也是最重要的一步。但是，传统的成分和形态学策略无法进一步提高Pt基材料的性能。因此，具有历史意义的时刻出现了一些先进的基于Pt的催化剂的新策略，包括相，表面，界面和应变工程，这些策略取得了空前的电化学改进。在此，着重介绍了上述用于设计高性能基于Pt的电催化剂的新策略的最新进展。在每一部分中，作者首先介绍相，表面，界面，应变工程策略及其本质，以改善电催化性能。这些催化剂的合成方法和电化学应用已通过代表性实例进行了总结和论证。最后，提出了先进的基于Pt的催化剂的最新挑战和宝贵的前景。