Delamination by osmotic swelling of layered materials is generally thought to become increasingly difficult, if not impossible, with increasing layer charge density because of strong Coulomb interactions. Nevertheless, for the class of 2:1 layered silicates, very few examples of delaminating organo-vermiculites were reported in literature. We propose a mechanism for this repulsive osmotic swelling of highly charged vermiculites based on repulsive counterion translational entropy that dominates the interaction of adjacent layers above a certain threshold separation. Based on this mechanistic insight, we were able to identify several organic interlayer cations appropriate to delaminate highly charged, vermiculite-type clay minerals. These findings suggest that the osmotic swelling of highly charged organoclays is a generally applicable phenomenon rather than the odd exemption.

中文翻译：

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高电荷粘土矿物中渗透膨胀的发生

通常认为，由于强烈的库仑相互作用，随着层电荷密度的增加，分层材料的渗透膨胀引起的分层变得越来越困难，即使不是不可能。然而，对于2：1层状硅酸盐类，文献中很少报道分层有机organo石的例子。我们提出了一种基于排斥抗衡离子平移熵的高电荷ver石的排斥渗透溶胀的机制，该机制支配高于一定阈值间隔的相邻层之间的相互作用。基于这种机理上的见解，我们能够确定几种有机层间阳离子，它们适合于使带高电荷的ver石型粘土矿物分层。