Blending petroleum-based fuels with biofuel components is deemed attractive to reduce soot and CO₂ emissions, but fundamental studies of the combustion behavior of such fuel blends suited for model development and validation remain rather scarce. To contribute to the understanding of the combustion chemistry effects of such blending strategies, we have investigated laminar premixed low-pressure flames of three hydrocarbon base fuels, namely 1-butene (1-C₄H₈), isobutene (i-C₄H₈), and ethene (C₂H₄), blended each with two different ester fuels, namely methyl crotonate (C₅H₈O₂, MC) and methyl butanoate (C₅H₁₀O₂, MB). A series of 13 flames with different argon dilution was investigated to study effects of the specific fuel structure on the combustion chemistry. Full speciation analyses were performed for fuel-rich (ϕ = 1.6) conditions by electron ionization molecular-beam mass spectrometry (EI-MBMS). More than 35 species in the range of C₀–C₇ were identified and quantified in these flames, resulting in ∼450 mol fraction profiles. The experimental data were compared to simulations by the kinetic model reported by Yang et al. [Proc. Combust. Inst. 2011, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2013] that was chosen because it includes basic mechanisms of all studied fuels. Overall, the agreement of experiment and this model seems satisfactory but calls for further improvements regarding ester as well as hydrocarbon sub-mechanisms. It was noted that the unsaturation degree in the methyl esters affects the formation of hydrocarbons, that depend mainly on the structure of the respective base fuel, and of oxygenated intermediates. The methyl esters have different decomposition pathways leading to some specific oxygenated species. Both methyl esters promote the formation of formaldehyde and methanol, while acetic acid is significantly increased by the presence of MB. The effect of the ester addition is also influenced by the species pool of the respective hydrocarbon base fuel.

人们认为，将石油基燃料与生物燃料成分混合在一起对于减少烟尘和CO ₂排放具有吸引力，但是对于适合于模型开发和验证的此类燃料混合物的燃烧行为的基础研究仍然很少。为了有助于理解这种混合策略的燃烧化学效果，我们研究了三种烃基燃料的层流预混低压火焰，即1-丁烯（1-C ₄ H ₈），异丁烯（iC ₄ H ₈）。和乙烯（C ₂ H ₄），分别与两种不同的酯燃料（巴豆酸甲酯（C ₅ H ₈ O _2），MC）和丁酸甲酯（C ₅ H ₁₀ O ₂，MB）。研究了13种不同氩气稀释度的火焰，以研究特定燃料结构对燃烧化学的影响。 通过电子电离分子束质谱（EI-MBMS）对富燃料（ϕ = 1.6）条件进行了全形态分析。C ₀ –C ₇范围内的超过35种在这些火焰中被鉴定并定量，得到约450 mol的馏分分布。通过Yang等人报道的动力学模型将实验数据与模拟进行了比较。[过程 燃烧 研究所 2011，物理学。化学 化学 物理 之所以选择[2013]，是因为它包含了所有研究过的燃料的基本机理。总体而言，实验和该模型的一致性似乎令人满意，但是需要对酯以及烃子机理进行进一步的改进。注意到，甲酯中的不饱和度影响烃的形成，烃的形成主要取决于相应基础燃料和含氧中间体的结构。甲酯具有不同的分解途径，导致某些特定的氧化物种。两种甲酯都能促进甲醛和甲醇的形成，MB的存在会大大增加乙酸的含量。酯加成的效果还受到各个烃基础燃料的种类库的影响。