Fusarium graminearum is the major causal agent of Fusarium head blight (FHB) disease in cereal crops worldwide. Infection with this fungal phytopathogen can regularly cause severe yield and quality losses and mycotoxin contamination in grains. In previous other studies, one research group reported that pyrrolnitrin had an ability to suppress of mycelial growth of F. graminearum. Other groups revealed that phenazine-1-carboxamide, a derivative of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, could also inhibit the growth of F. graminearum and showed great potentials in the bioprotection of crops from FHB disease. In our recent work with Pseudomonas chlororaphis strain G05, however, we found that although the phz operon (phenazine biosynthetic gene cluster) was knocked out, the phenazine-deficient mutant G05Δphz still exhibited effective inhibition of the mycelial growth of some fungal phytopathogens in pathogen inhibition assay, especially including F. graminearum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Botrytis cinerea. With our further investigations, including deletion and complementation of the prn operon (pyrrolnitrin biosynthetic gene cluster), purification and identification of fungal compounds, we first verified that not phenazines but pyrrolnitrin biosynthesized in P. chlororaphis G05 plays an essential role in growth suppression of F. graminearum and the bioprotection of cereal crops against FHB disease.

禾谷镰刀菌（Fusarium graminearum）是全球谷物作物中镰刀菌枯萎病（FHB）病的主要病原。感染这种真菌性植物病原体会经常导致严重的产量和质量下降以及谷物中的霉菌毒素污染。在先前的其他研究中，一个研究小组报告说，吡咯硝菌素具有抑制禾谷镰刀菌菌丝生长的能力。其他研究小组表明，吩嗪-1-羧酸衍生物（吩嗪-1-羧酰胺）也可以抑制禾本科镰刀菌的生长，并在农作物免受FHB病害的生物保护方面显示出巨大的潜力。在我们最近与工作假单胞菌chlororaphis株G05，然而，我们发现，虽然PHZ操纵子（吩嗪生物合成基因簇）被敲除，所述吩嗪缺陷型突变G05Δ PHZ仍表现出有效的抑制菌丝生长的某些植物病原体真菌病原体中抑制测定，特别是包括禾谷镰刀菌，胶孢炭疽菌，灰霉病。随着我们的进一步调查，包括删除和互补作用PRN操纵子（硝吡咯生物合成基因簇），净化和真菌化合物的鉴定，我们首先验证未吩嗪，但在硝吡咯生物合成P. chlororaphis G05扮演的生长抑制了至关重要的作用˚F禾本科 以及谷物作物对FHB病的生物保护。