This paper introduces a FLASHCHAIN-based reaction mechanism for oils production during tar hydroconversion with any coal for any hydrogasification conditions. Oils are generated by the hydrogenation of tar monomers in two stages. In the first stage, the tar monomers released as primary tars are rapidly hydrogenated into oils at the monomer hydrogenation rate. Since elevated pressures always shift primary tar molecular weight distributions toward lighter species, monomers constitute substantial fractions of primary tar, and as much as one-half the ultimate oils yield is produced soon after the onset of tar hydroconversion. In the second stage, additional tar monomers are gradually released by hydrocracking of larger tar molecules and then hydrogenated into oils, while control of the oils production rate shifts from monomer hydrogenation to hydrocracking. Oil yields are uniform with H₂ pressures higher than 1 MPa because rates of monomer hydrogenation and hydrocracking accelerate for progressively higher H₂ pressures to compensate for diminishing primary tar yields. Predicted oil yields grow for progressively hotter temperatures. The analysis shows that aliphatic tar components must be incorporated into oils along with their aromatic nuclei during monomer hydrogenation and constitute one-half or more of the oils yield at the highest H₂ pressures. Primary tar composition and, especially, their structural components determine the maximum oil yields from different coals. The sample-to-sample variability in primary tar yields is apparent in their associated oil yields. In combination, the mechanisms for hydropyrolysis, tar hydroconversion, and char hydrogasification accurately interpreted a database representing coals of rank from lignite to anthracite, heating rates from 1 to 10⁴ °C/s, temperatures from 475 to 900 °C, coal contact times from 1 to 900 s, gas contact times from 2 to 42 s, and H₂ pressures from 0.3 to 15 MPa.

中文翻译：

---

FLASHCHAIN快速脱挥发分动力学理论。11.任何煤加氢气化过程中的焦油加氢转化

本文介绍了一种基于FLASHCHAIN的反应机理，用于在任何加氢气化条件下与任何煤进行焦油加氢转化过程中的石油生产。油是通过两个阶段的焦油单体加氢而生成的。在第一步中，作为初级焦油释放的焦油单体以单体加氢速率迅速加氢成油。由于高压总是使初级焦油分子量分布向较轻的物质移动，因此单体构成了初级焦油的主要部分，在焦油加氢转化后不久，最终油的产量就高达二分之一。在第二阶段，通过将较大的焦油分子加氢裂化逐渐释放出其他焦油单体，然后将其氢化成油，而对油的生产速度的控制则从单体加氢转向加氢裂化。含油量与H一致_2个压力均高于1 MPa，因为单体加氢和加氢裂化的速率随着H ₂压力的逐渐升高而加快，以补偿初级焦油收率的降低。随着温度的逐渐升高，预计的石油产量会增加。分析表明，脂肪族焦油组分必须在单体加氢过程中与芳族核一起引入油中，并构成最高H _2时油产量的一半或更多。压力。焦油的主要成分，尤其是其结构成分决定了不同煤的最大含油量。初级焦油产量的样品间差异在其相关的油产量中很明显。结合起来，加氢热解，焦油加氢转化和焦化气化的机理可以准确地解释一个数据库，该数据库代表了褐煤至无烟煤等级的煤，加热速率为1至10 ⁴ °C / s，温度为475至900°C，煤接触时间从1到900 s，气体接触时间从2到42 s，H ₂压力从0.3到15 MPa。