Abstract Operating conditions and fuel properties are important to the atomization quality, which is an inevitable problem that the liquid fuel has to face, specifically for new alternative fuels. One of the recognized atomization methods is the liquid sheet formed by the oblique fuel jet or spray impinging onto a plate in a direct injection (DI) engine. In this paper, a series of experiments that deal with the sheet, are carried out under different operating conditions. Meanwhile, a semi-empirical model fitted for new alternative fuels is established to predict the shape and the size of the sheet. The predictions of the model are in good agreement with the experimental data. Based on the experiments and predictions, the specific effect of the dynamic viscosity, the surface tension, the impingement velocity and the impingement angle on the sheet were analyzed, respectively. It is found that the sheet consists of a thin liquid layer and a thick rim which connects the outer and the inner border lines. With the decrease of the dynamic viscosity, the size of both the outer and inner border lines of the sheet will non-linearly increase. The gradient of the size of the border lines is decreased with the increase of the dynamic viscosity. With the decrease of the surface tension coefficient, the size of the border lines will gradually increase. The size of the border lines will linearly increase with the increasing impingement velocity. With the increase of the impingement angle, the border lines will gradually become circles. The semi-empirical model that is established with reasonable assumptions, can help fuel developers to assess the potential atomization quality of their new fuels.

中文翻译：

---

斜射流撞击平板形成的发动机液体燃料片的半经验模型

摘要 工作条件和燃料特性对雾化质量很重要，这是液体燃料必须面对的不可避免的问题，特别是对于新型替代燃料。公认的雾化方法之一是由倾斜的燃料喷射或喷雾撞击直喷 (DI) 发动机中的板而形成的液体片。在本文中，一系列处理薄片的实验是在不同的操作条件下进行的。同时，建立了适用于新替代燃料的半经验模型来预测薄片的形状和尺寸。模型的预测与实验数据吻合良好。根据实验和预测，动态粘度、表面张力、分别分析了冲击速度和冲击角度。发现该片材由薄的液体层和连接外边界线和内边界线的厚边缘组成。随着动态粘度的降低，片材的外边界线和内边界线的尺寸将非线性增加。边界线尺寸的梯度随着动态粘度的增加而减小。随着表面张力系数的减小，边界线的尺寸会逐渐增大。边界线的尺寸将随着冲击速度的增加而线性增加。随着撞击角度的增加，边界线会逐渐变成圆形。在合理假设下建立的半经验模型，