Natural bioactive compounds isolated from several aromatic plants have been studied for centuries due to their unique characteristics that carry great importance in food, and pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. For instance, several beneficial activities have been attributed to some specific compounds found in Thymus such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiseptic properties. Moreover, these compounds are classified as Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) which means they can be used as an ingrident of may food producs. Conventional extraction processes of these compounds and their derived forms from thyme leaves are well established. Hoewever, they present some important drawbacks such as long extraction time, low yield, high solvent consumption and degradation thermolabile compounds. Therefore, innovative extraction techniques such as ultrasound, microwave, enzyme, ohmic and heat-assisted methods can be useful strategies to enhance the exytraction yield and to reduce processing temperature, extraction time, and energy and solvent consumption. Furthermore, bioaccessibility and bioavailability aspects of these bioactive compounds as well as their metabolic fates are crucial for developing novel functional foods. Additionally, immobilization methods to improve stability, solubility, and the overall bioavailability of these valuable compounds are necessary for their commercial applications. This review aims to give an overall perspective of innovative extraction techniques to extract the targeted compounds with anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. Moreover, the bioaccessi-bility and bioavailability of these compounds before and after processing discussed. In addition, some of the most important characteristics of thyme and their derived products discussed in this paper.

中文翻译：

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了解百里香及其衍生产品对食品工业和消费者健康的潜在好处：从提取增值化合物到评估生物利用度，生物利用度，抗炎和抗菌活性

从几种芳香植物中分离出来的天然生物活性化合物由于其独特的特性已被研究了多个世纪，这些特性在食品，制药和化妆品工业中具有举足轻重的地位。例如，一些有益的活性归因于在胸腺中发现的一些特定化合物，例如抗炎，抗氧化剂，抗菌和防腐特性。此外，这些化合物被归类为“公认安全食品”（GRAS），这意味着它们可以用作可能食品的成分。这些化合物及其从百里香叶中衍生的形式的常规提取方法已被很好地建立。然而，它们具有一些重要的缺点，例如萃取时间长，产率低，溶剂消耗高以及降解热不稳定化合物。所以，超声，微波，酶，欧姆和热辅助方法等创新的提取技术可以成为提高提取产率，降低加工温度，提取时间以及能源和溶剂消耗的有用策略。此外，这些生物活性化合物的生物利用度和生物利用度方面以及它们的代谢命运对于开发新型功能食品至关重要。另外，用于提高这些有价值的化合物的稳定性，溶解性和整体生物利用度的固定化方法对于其商业应用是必需的。这篇综述旨在提供创新提取技术的整体视角，以提取具有抗炎和抗菌活性的目标化合物。而且，讨论了这些化合物在加工前后的生物利用度和生物利用度。此外，本文还讨论了百里香及其衍生产品的一些最重要特征。