Polymeric Janus nanoparticles with two sides of incompatible chemistry have received increasing attention due to their tunable asymmetric structure and unique material characteristics. Recently, with the rapid progress in controlled polymerization combined with novel fabrication techniques, a large array of functional polymeric Janus particles are diversified with sophisticated architecture and applications. In this review, the most recently developed strategies for controlled synthesis of polymeric Janus nanoparticles with well‐defined size and complex superstructures are summarized. In addition, the pros and cons of each approach in mediating the anisotropic shapes of polymeric Janus particles as well as their asymmetric spatial distribution of chemical compositions and functionalities are discussed and compared. Finally, these newly developed structural nanoparticles with specific shapes and surface functions orientated applications in different domains are also discussed, followed by the perspectives and challenges faced in the further advancement of polymeric Janus nanoparticles as high performance materials.

中文翻译：

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聚合Janus纳米颗粒：合成策略，材料性能和应用的最新进展。

具有不相容化学两面的聚合Janus纳米粒子由于其可调的不对称结构和独特的材料特性而受到越来越多的关注。近年来，随着受控聚合技术的快速发展和新颖的制造技术的结合，大量的功能性聚合Janus颗粒以其复杂的结构和应用得以多样化。在这篇综述中，总结了最近开发的可控制合成具有明确定义的尺寸和复杂的超结构的Janus纳米粒子的策略。此外，讨论并比较了每种方法在介导聚合物Janus颗粒的各向异性形状及其化学组成和功能性的不对称空间分布方面的利弊。最后，