The replacement of precious-metal-based catalysts with earth-abundant alternatives for a diverse range of electrochemical applications is of great importance for next-generation energy technologies. Many self-supported earth-abundant nanoarrays have emerged as state-of-the-art electrocatalysts due to their fascinating structures and electrochemical properties. This Review presents recent advances made toward developing self-supported earth-abundant nanoarrays for a wide range of energy-conversion processes. We summarize the different synthetic methods used to construct nanoarrays and tune their compositions, morphologies, and structures. Then, we highlight their application and performance as catalysts for various energy-related reactions. We also discuss their ability to perform as bifunctional electrocatalysts in energy devices. Finally, we conclude with the challenges and prospects in this promising field, where further exploration into these materials will facilitate the development of next-generation energy technologies.

中文翻译：

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自支撑的地球丰富的纳米阵列作为能源相关反应的高效和稳健的电催化剂

对于各种电化学应用而言，用富含稀土的替代品替代贵金属基催化剂对于下一代能源技术而言至关重要。由于其引人入胜的结构和电化学性能，许多自支撑的富含地球的纳米阵列已成为最先进的电催化剂。这篇综述介绍了在开发用于多种能量转换过程的自支撑地球富集纳米阵列方面的最新进展。我们总结了用于构建纳米阵列并调整其组成，形态和结构的不同合成方法。然后，我们重点介绍了它们作为各种能量相关反应的催化剂的应用和性能。我们还讨论了它们在能源设备中用作双功能电催化剂的能力。最后，