Photodynamic therapy is a therapeutic option to treat cancer and other diseases. PDT is used every day in dermatology, and recent developments in the treatment of glioblastoma, mesothelioma or prostate have demonstrated the efficacy of this modality. In order to improve the efficacy of PDT, different strategies are under development, such as the use of targeted PS or nanoparticles to improve selectivity and the design of light devices to better monitor the light dose. Due to the low penetration of light into tissue, another way to improve the efficacy of PDT to treat deep tumors is the use of upconversion NPs or bi-photon absorption compounds. These compounds can be excited in the red part of the spectrum. A relatively new approach, which we will call PDTX, is the use of X-rays instead of UV-visible light for deeper penetration into tissue. The principle of this technique will be described, and the state-of-art literature concerning this modality will be discussed. First, we will focus on various photosensitizers that have been used in combination with X-ray irradiation. To improve the efficacy of this modality, nanoparticles have been designed that allow the conversion of high-energy ionizing radiation into UV-visible light; these are potential candidates for the PDTX approach. They will be discussed at the end of this review.

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在光动力疗法中使用X射线：概述

光动力疗法是治疗癌症和其他疾病的治疗选择。PDT在皮肤病学中每天都在使用，最近在胶质母细胞瘤，间皮瘤或前列腺癌治疗中的发展已证明了这种治疗方法的有效性。为了提高PDT的功效，正在开发不同的策略，例如使用靶向PS或纳米颗粒来提高选择性，以及设计照明设备以更好地监控光剂量。由于光对组织的低穿透性，提高PDT治疗深部肿瘤功效的另一种方法是使用上转换NP或双光子吸收化合物。这些化合物可以在光谱的红色部分被激发。一种相对较新的方法（我们称为PDTX）是使用X射线代替紫外线可见光，以更深地穿透组织。将描述该技术的原理，并将讨论有关该模式的最新文献。首先，我们将重点介绍已与X射线辐射结合使用的各种光敏剂。为了提高这种方式的功效，已经设计了纳米粒子，可以将高能电离辐射转换为紫外线可见光。这些是PDTX方法的潜在候选者。他们将在本评论的结尾进行讨论。设计了纳米颗粒，可以将高能电离辐射转换为紫外线可见光；这些是PDTX方法的潜在候选者。他们将在本评论的结尾进行讨论。设计了纳米颗粒，可以将高能电离辐射转换为紫外线可见光；这些是PDTX方法的潜在候选者。他们将在本评论的结尾进行讨论。