A type of thiophene-bridged silica aerogel was prepared from tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and 2,5-divinyltrimethoxysilanethiophene (DVTHP) through a facile sol–gel reaction and ambient pressure drying process. DVTHP was synthesized from vinyl trimethoxysilane and 2,5-dibromothiophene through the Heck reaction. FTIR and solid-state ¹H CP/MAS NMR indicated that the thiophene units had been successfully introduced into the silica aerogel network. SEM showed a co-continuous porous structure and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) measurements showed a mesoporous structure that had a high surface area of 834 m² g⁻¹, an average pore size of 17.84 nm and a large pore volume of 3.72 cm³ g⁻¹. This thiophene-bridged silica aerogel had superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle (CA) exceeding 174° and a sliding angle of less than 3°. The silica aerogel had better selectivities for less polar or non-polar solvents than for polar solvents. The introduction of the thiophene unit could improve the adsorption properties. The adsorption capacities for n-hexane and gutter oil were calculated as 17 g g⁻¹ and 16 g g⁻¹, respectively. Moreover, the samples exhibited good recyclability for organic solvents even after recycling 10 times in adsorption/desorption tests and the adsorption capacities were nearly unchanged from the maximum uptake capacities. The results indicated that these materials could be flexibly utilized as adsorbent materials to selectively adsorb organic solvents for wastewater treatment.

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对有机溶剂和油类污染物具有高吸附能力的一种噻吩桥连的二氧化硅气凝胶

一种由噻吩桥连的二氧化硅气凝胶是由原硅酸四乙酯（TEOS）和2,5-二乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷噻吩（DVTHP）通过溶胶-凝胶反应和常压干燥过程制备的。DVTHP由乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷和2,5-二溴噻吩通过Heck反应合成。FTIR和固态¹ H CP / MAS NMR表明，噻吩单元已成功引入二氧化硅气凝胶网络中。SEM显示共连续的多孔结构，Brunauer-Emmett-Teller（BET）测量显示中孔结构的表面积高834 m ² g ^-1，平均孔径为17.84 nm，孔体积较大。 3.72厘米³克^-1。该噻吩桥接的二氧化硅气凝胶具有超疏水性，其水接触角（CA）超过174°，滑动角小于3°。相对于极性溶剂，二氧化硅气凝胶对极性较小或非极性的溶剂具有更好的选择性。噻吩单元的引入可以提高吸附性能。用于吸附容量ñ -己烷和地沟油计算为17 GG ^-1和16 GG ^-1， 分别。此外，即使在吸附/解吸测试中循环使用10次后，样品也显示出对有机溶剂的良好循环利用性，并且其吸附容量与最大吸收容量几乎没有变化。结果表明，这些材料可以灵活地用作吸附材料，以选择性地吸附有机溶剂进行废水处理。