Over the past decades, conventional antibodies have been dissected through different strategies into smaller antigen-binding fragments. Therapeutic solutions built on such fragments can offer several advantages, including the capacity to access challenging epitopes, reduced immunogenicity, lower production costs, and higher stability. Although the development of antibody fragments for cancer therapy has received more attention than any other potential therapeutic application, the development of pharmacological tools based on these molecules for the treatment of autoimmune diseases (AIDs) has been growing at a fast pace. Here, I provide an in-depth characterization of the various formats for the treatment of autoimmune diseases in development across the industry, including antigen-binding fragments (Fab), single-chain variable fragments (scFv), and single variable-domain fragments, as well as multimeric antibody fragments and antibody–drug conjugates.

在过去的几十年中，常规抗体已通过不同的策略被分解成较小的抗原结合片段。建立在此类片段上的治疗解决方案可提供多种优势，包括进入具有挑战性的表位的能力，降低的免疫原性，更低的生产成本和更高的稳定性。尽管用于癌症治疗的抗体片段的开发比任何其他潜在的治疗应用都受到了更多的关注，但是基于这些分子的用于治疗自身免疫性疾病（AID）的药理学工具的开发也在迅速发展。在此，我将对各种形式的疾病进行深入的描述，这些形式用于治疗整个行业中正在发展的自身免疫性疾病，包括抗原结合片段（Fab），单链可变片段（scFv），